日本蟳4个地理群体遗传变异的同工酶分析

Genetic variation analysis of four geographic populations of Charybdis japonica by isozyme

关键词:  日本蟳  地理群体  同工酶  遗传差异

Key words:  Charybdis japonica  Geographic population  Isozyme  Genetic diversity

摘要:

采用聚丙烯酰胺不连续凝胶垂直电泳技术对中国沿海的大连黑石礁、山东莱州湾、江苏海州湾和浙江象山4个日本蟳地理群体的10种同工酶进行检测，并分析了群体间的生化遗传差异。实验共记录了28个座位，其中m-Mdh-1、Sod-3、Cat-3、Est-1、α-Amy-1、α-Amy-4、Ldh-2、Alp-1和Alp-3共9个座位表现为多态，4个群体的多态座位百分数（P0.99）均为32.14%，平均每个座位等位基因有效值Ae为1.283 0～1.297 9，平均预期杂合度He为0.146 2～0.155 6，平均观察杂合度Ho为0.273 8～0.278 3，遗传距离D为0.000 4～0.001 8。4个群体的聚类分析表明，莱州湾和大连群体亲缘关系最近，而象山群体与其他3个群体遗传距离较远。实验结果表明，日本蟳遗传多样性处于较高水平，种质资源维持良好,有利于其种质资源的开发及遗传改良等工作的开展。

Abstract:

Vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was employed to investigate the genetic variation of isozyme of Charybdis japonica. Four geographic populations in Dalian Black Reefs (DL), Shangdong Laizhou Bay (LZ), Jiangsu Haizhou Bay (HZ) and Zhejiang Xiangshan (XS) (48 individuals each) were surveyed. Ten enzymes revealed twenty-eight putative loci, in which nine were polymorphic. For the four populations, the proportion of polymorphic loci (P0.99) was 32.14%. The mean effective number (Ae) of alleles per locus ranged from 1.283 0 to 1.297 9, and the mean values of observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosities were in the range of 0.146 2~0.155 6 and 0.273 8~0.278 3 respectively. The genetic distance (Dnei ) among the four wild geographic populations ranged from 0.000 4 to 0.001 8, which were lower than that between subspecies. Cluster analysis indicated that DL and LZ populations were clustered together for the closest relationship, while HZ or XS, respectively, was an independent cluster.