菲律宾蛤仔“斑马蛤2号”与未选育群体生理能量学对比研究

A comparative study of physiological energetics between Zebra Clam 2 in Ruditapes philippinarum and unselected group

中文关键词: 菲律宾蛤仔  斑马蛤2号  吸收效率  能量收支  

英文关键词: Ruditapes philippinarum  Zebra Clam 2  Absorption efficiency  Energy budget

中文摘要:

      为明确菲律宾蛤仔“斑马蛤2号”与未选育群体在能量分配方面是否存在差异，解析新品种斑马蛤2号生长速度快的内在机理，于2023年7月，以大、中、小三种规格（壳长分别为40~45mm、35~40mm、30~35mm）“斑马蛤2号” 和未选育群体为实验对象，基于现场流水系统测定了摄食和代谢生理关键参数，对比分析了能量分配方式的不同。结果显示:三种规格“斑马蛤2号”的滤水率和同化效率均高于未选育群体，但差异不显著(P＞0.05)；中规格 “斑马蛤2号”耗氧率显著高于未选育群体(P＜0.05)，而小规格“斑马蛤2号”耗氧率显著低于未选育群体(P＜0.05)；中、小规格“斑马蛤2号”排氨率均显著高于未选育群体(P＜0.05)；从能量摄入角度来看，大、中、小规格的斑马蛤2号摄食能较未选育群体均有一定程度的提升，分别提升了45%、33%和21%。从能量分配角度来看，大、中、小规格的斑马蛤2号吸收能占比较未选育群体分别提升了24.60%、12.21%、12.87%；大、中、小三种规格斑马蛤2号生长余力占比较未选育群体分别提升了23.98%、11.23%和13.11%。指示“斑马蛤2号”依靠较高的摄食能和略高的同化效率导致在能量分配中有更多能量用于生长，从而维持了较快的生长速度。研究结果为深化对于“斑马蛤2号”生理学特征的认识、进而服务新品种的养殖容量评估提供了基础数据。

英文摘要:

      China is the world"s largest Marine shellfish aquaculture country, aquaculture production has increased rapidly in recent decades, in 2023, the production of 16.460,600 tons, aquaculture area of 1357.53 thousand hectares. Marine shellfish farming in China has made important contributions to increasing fishermen"s income, improving water transparency, alleviating water eutrophication, and actively responding to climate change. However, on the whole, China"s Marine shellfish aquaculture industry is still labor-intensive and quantity efficient industry, and the improvement of aquaculture output depends more on the expansion of aquaculture area. In the past two decades, China"s Marine shellfish aquaculture has increased by 28.11% on the cultivation area and maintained a 54.19% increase in aquaculture output. With the increasingly fierce competition for Marine space resources from various Marine industries such as coastal tourism and Marine transportation, mariculture is increasingly constrained by space. In this context, it is urgent to seek scientific ways to improve the production efficiency of limited space. It is one of the effective ways to enable the industry to improve production efficiency. In many new aquatic varieties, the growth rate is usually one of the important target breeding traits.