亚硒酸钠、酵母硒对彭泽鲫(Carassius auratus var.Pengze)生长性能、组织硒含量、血清抗氧化能力及生化指标的影响

Dietary Sodium Selenite, Selenium Yeast on Growth, Tissue Selenium Contents, Serum Antioxidant Capacity and Biochemical Indices of Carassius auratus var.Pengze

中文关键词: 彭泽鲫  酵母硒  亚硒酸钠  生长性能  生化指标

英文关键词: Carassius auratus var.Pengze  Yeast selenium  Sodium selenite  Growth performance  Biochemical indicators

中文摘要:

      为探究不同硒源(亚硒酸钠和酵母硒)及其硒水平对彭泽鲫生长性能、组织硒含量、抗氧化能力及血清生化指标的影响。采用2 3双因子法进行饲养试验：硒源(亚硒酸钠和酵母硒)，硒添加量(0 mg/kg、0.5 mg/kg和5 mg/kg)，制作5组饲料，对照组(CON)、亚硒酸钠组(LS和HS)和酵母硒组(LY和HY)，试验选用平均初始体质量(210.28±1.06)g 彭泽鲫240尾，随机分为5组，每组3个重复，每个重复16尾。投喂试验饲料，养殖周期56天。结果表明，各组彭泽鲫的存活率、增重率、特定生长率和饲料系数无显著差异(P>0.05)。高酵母硒组肌肉硒含量最高，高亚硒酸钠组次之，均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)，硒源和硒水平对肌肉硒含量存在显著互作(P<0.05)，高亚硒酸钠组肝脏硒含量最高，高酵母硒组次之，均显著高于对照组和低水平组(P<0.05)。高酵母硒组血清过氧化氢酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)，低亚硒酸钠组和酵母硒组血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)，硒源与硒水平对血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶均存在显著互作(P<0.05)。高酵母硒组血清溶菌酶活性和血糖水平均显著高于其余各组(P<0.05)，高亚硒酸组血糖显著高于对照组(P<0.05)，硒源和硒水平对低密度脂蛋白存在显著互作(P<0.05)。高水平组肠道淀粉酶活性显著高于对照组和低水平组(P<0.05)，酵母硒组和高亚硒酸钠组胰蛋白酶活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)，硒源和硒水平对胰蛋白酶存在显著互作(P<0.05)。综上所述，高水平酵母硒可提高彭泽鲫组织硒沉积，两种水平酵母硒均可提升抗氧化能力和肠道酶活性；高水平亚硒酸钠可提高彭泽鲫组织硒沉积和肠道酶活性，低水平亚硒酸钠可提高彭泽鲫抗氧化能力。

英文摘要:

      To investigate the effects of different selenium sources (sodium selenite and yeast selenium) and selenium levels on the growth performance, tissue selenium content, antioxidant capacity, and serum biochemical indices of Carassius auratus var.Pengze. A 2 × 3 factorial design was used for the feeding trial: selenium source (sodium selenite and yeast selenium), selenium supplementation level (0 mg/kg, 0.5 mg/kg, and 5 mg/kg), and five diets were prepared. The control group (CON), sodium selenite group (LS and HS), and yeast selenium group (LY and HY) were established. A total of 240 Carassius auratus var.Pengze with an initial body weight of (210.28±1.06)g were randomly divided into five groups, with three replicates in each group and 16 fish in each replicate. The experimental diets were fed, and the experimental period was 56 days.The results showed that there were no significant differences in survival rate, weight gain rate, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio among all groups (P>0.05). The highest muscle selenium content was observed in the high selenium yeast group, followed by the high sodium selenite group; this value was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), and selenium sources and selenium levels had a significant interaction on muscle selenium content (P<0.05). For liver selenium content, the highest levels were found in the high sodium selenite group followed by the high selenium yeast group; these levels were significantly higher than those observed in the control and low selenium groups (P<0.05). In addition, serum catalase activity was significantly increased in the high selenium yeast group compared to the control group (P<0.05). The serum glutathione peroxidase activity in both the low sodium selenite group and the selenium yeast group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, selenium sources and selenium levels showed significant interactions affecting serum glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities (P<0.05). In addition, serum lysozyme activity and blood glucose levels were significantly increased in the high selenium yeast group compared to the other groups (P<0.05). Blood glucose levels in the high selenium group were also significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), with significant interactions between selenium sources and selenium levels impacting low-density lipoprotein levels (P<0.05). Intestinal amylase activity was significantly of higher the high selenium group was notably higher than that of both the control and low selenium groups (P<0.05). Moreover, trypsin activity in both the selenium yeast and high sodium selenite groups was significantly increased relative to that of the control group (P<0.05), with significant interactions between selenium sources and selenium levels affecting trypsin activity (P<0.05). In conclusion, utilizing high levels of selenium yeast has been shown to increase tissue selenium deposition, administration of two levels of selenium yeast was shown to improve antioxidant capacity, and intestinal enzyme activity in Carassius auratus var.Pengze. Similarly, utilizing high levels of sodium selenite has been shown to increase tissue selenium deposition as well as intestinal enzyme activity within this species, while employing low sodium selenite group has been shown to improve antioxidant capacity in Carassius auratus var.Pengze.