不同光照周期对脊尾白虾生长、性腺发育以及血淋巴生化成分的影响

Effects of different photoperiods on growth, gonadal development, and biochemical components of hemolymph in Exopalaemon carinicauda

中文关键词: 脊尾白虾  光照周期  性腺发育  血淋巴

英文关键词: Exopalaemon carinicauda  Photoperiod  Gonadal development  Hemolymph

中文摘要:

      为探讨不同光照周期对脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)生长、性腺发育以及血淋巴生化成分的影响，本研究挑选体质量为(0.71±0.05) g、体长为(3.62±0.28) cm的脊尾白虾，在水温23~25℃、盐度22~24、pH 7.8~8.1、光照强度为1000 lx的养殖条件下，测定其在5种光照周期(全光照L、16L︰8D、12L︰12D、8L︰16D、全黑暗D，L表示光照时长，D表示黑暗时长)下的生长、性腺发育以及血淋巴生化成分等相关指标。结果显示，在存活率方面，全黑暗组最高[(86.67±5.77)%]，其次为12L︰12D组[(83.33±8.82)%]，再次为8L︰16D组[(80.00±3.33)%]，3组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)；在特定生长率方面，8L︰16D组的特定生长率为(2.49±0.20)%/d，显著高于全黑暗组(P<0.05)；在蜕壳率方面，8L︰16D组蜕壳率最高，为(6.96±0.50)次/(尾·d)。性腺指数随光照时间的缩短逐渐增大，在光照时间为8L时达到最高值[(2.37±0.04)%]，显著高于其他组(P<0.05)；8L︰16D组卵巢成熟率为(42.93±4.57)%，显著高于全黑暗组(P<0.05)；8L︰16D组卵巢相对长度在实验第30天时显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。8L︰16D组血淋巴蛋白质和胆固醇浓度显著高于全光照组、16L︰8D组和全黑暗组(P<0.05)，与12L︰12D组无显著差异(P>0.05)；8L︰16D组葡萄糖浓度显著高于全光照组和全黑暗组(P<0.05)，与16L︰8D组和12L︰12D组差异不显著(P>0.05)；8L︰16D组甘油三酯浓度显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。研究表明，不同光照周期对脊尾白虾生长、性腺发育以及血淋巴生化成分均产生不同程度的影响，8L︰16D是脊尾白虾亲虾促熟和工厂化养殖较为适宜的光照周期。

英文摘要:

      To investigate the effects of different photoperiods on the growth, gonadal development, and hemolymph biochemical composition in Exopalaemon carinicauda, samples with a mass of (0.71±0.05) g and body length of (3.62±0.28) cm were studied under a water temperature of 23~25℃, salinity of 22~24, pH of 7.8~8.1, and illumination intensity of 1000 lx. The growth, gonadal development, and hemolymph biochemical components were measured under five photoperiods (where L, illumination duration; D, dark duration; whole-day illumination L, 16L:8D, 12L:12D, 8L:16D, and whole-day dark D). Results showed that the D group had the highest numerical survival rate (86.67±5.77)%, followed by 12L:12D group, the survival rate was (83.33±8.82)%, the survival rate of group 8L:16D was (80.00±3.33)%, with no significant difference between these three groups (P>0.05). The specific growth rate of group 8L:16D was (2.49±0.20)%/d, significantly higher than that of group D (P<0.05). The molting rate of group 8L:16D was the highest [(6.96±0.50) sub/(tail·d)]. The gonadal index increased gradually with a decrease in illumination time, and reached the highest value at 8L:16D [(2.37±0.04)%], significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05). The ovarian maturation rate of group 8L:16D was (42.93±4.57)%, significantly higher than that in group D (P<0.05), and the relative length of the ovary in group 8L:16D was significantly higher than that in other groups on the 30th day (P<0.05). The levels of protein and cholesterol in the hemolymph of group 8L:16D were significantly higher than those of group L, group 16L:8D, or group D (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference with group 12L:12D (P<0.05). The glucose concentration of group 8L:16D was significantly higher than that of group L and group D (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference with group 16L:8D and group 12L:12D (P>0.05). The triglyceride concentration in group 8L:16D was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.05). The results showed that the growth, gonadal development, and hemolymph biochemical components of E. carinicauda were affected by the photoperiods. 8L:16D was the most suitable photoperiod for E. carinicauda ripening and factory farming.