温度和氨氮对不同规格红螯螯虾耗氧率与排氨率的影响

Effects of Temperature and Ammonia on Oxygen Consumption and Ammonia Excretion Rates of Cherax quadricarinatus with Different Sizes

中文关键词: 红螯螯虾  温度  氨氮  耗氧率  排氨率

英文关键词: Cherax quadricarinatus  Temperature  Ammonia  Oxygen consumption rate  Ammonia excretion rate

中文摘要:

      为了揭示温度和氨氮浓度对红螯螯虾(Cherax quadricarinatus)耗氧率(RO)与排氨率(RN)的影响，采用单因素实验设计和密闭流水法分析了不同温度和氨氮浓度条件下，3种规格红螯螯虾(小规格为S组、中规格为M组和大规格为L组) RO和RN的变化规律。结果显示，温度对红螯螯虾RO和RN影响显著(P<0.05)，在温度为15℃~35℃时，RO随温度升高而增加，35℃时，红螯螯虾的RO达到最大值；其中，S组的RO为0.777 mg/(g·h)，显著大于其他2个组(P<0.05)。红螯螯虾RN随温度升高呈先上升后下降的趋势，30℃时达到最大值；其中，S组的RN为0.061 mg/(g·h)，显著大于其他2个组(P<0.05)。温度对红螯螯虾的氧氮比(O/N)值有显著影响(P<0.05)。氨氮浓度对红螯螯虾的RO和RN影响显著(P<0.05)，在氨氮浓度为0~16 mg/L时，二者均随氨氮浓度的上升呈先上升后下降的趋势；当氨氮浓度为8 mg/L时，红螯螯虾的RO达到最大值，S、M和L组RO值分别为0.663、0.332和0.195 mg/(g·h)；当氨氮浓度为12 mg/L时，RN达到最大值，S、M和L组RN值分别为0.123、0.049和0.034 mg/(g·h)，且显著高于其他处理组(P<0.05)。氨氮浓度对3种规格红螯螯虾的O/N值均有显著影响(P<0.05)。不同温度条件下，红螯螯虾RO和RN的Q10变化范围分别为1.102~3.361和0.346~3.417，且分别在25℃~30℃和30℃~35℃时达到最小。

英文摘要:

      To determine the influence of temperature and ammonia on the oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate of the red claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus), a single factor experimental design and closed flow method were used to analyze the influence of temperature and ammonia concentration on the oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates of crayfish of three sizes (S, M, and L representing small, medium, and large crayfish, respectively). The results were as follows. Temperature had significant effects on the oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates of crayfish. The oxygen consumption rate increased with the increase in temperature (15℃~35℃), and at 35℃, the oxygen consumption rate reached the maximum, wherein the rate of the S group was 0.777 mg/(g·h), significantly higher than that of the other two size classes. The ammonia excretion rate of the crayfish increased first and then decreased with increasing temperature, and reached a maximum at 30℃; among the size classes, the ammonia excretion rate of the S group was 0.061 mg/(g·h) and was significantly higher than the other two sizes. Temperature had a significant effect on the oxygen/nitrogen ratio of the crayfish. 2 The level of ammonia significantly affected the oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates of the crayfish. The oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates increased with an increase in the ammonia concentration, and then decreased. The oxygen consumption rate reached a maximum at an ammonia concentration of 8 mg/L, which was 0.663, 0.332, and 0.195 mg/(g·h) in the S, M, and L groups, respectively, whereas the ammonia excretion rate reached a maximum at an ammonia concentration of 12 mg/L, which was 0.123, 0.049, and 0.034 mg/(g·h) in the S, M, and L groups, respectively, and was significantly higher than those of the other groups. Furthermore, the ammonia concentration had a significant effect on the oxygen/nitrogen ratio of the crayfish. The Q10 values for the oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates ranged from 1.102~3.361 and 0.346~3.417, and at the minimum values were at 25℃~30℃ and 30℃~35℃, respectively.