红纤维虾形草移植植株存活、生长和生理对不同水动力条件的响应

Survival, Growth, and Physiological Responses of Surfgrass Transplants to Different Hydrodynamic Regimes

中文关键词: 红纤维虾形草  水动力条件  存活  生长

英文关键词: Surfgrass Phyllospadix iwatensis  Hydrodynamic regimes  Survival  Growth

中文摘要:

      红纤维虾形草(Phyllospadix iwatensis)属鳗草科、虾形草属，与大多数分布于软底质(如泥沙)的海草不同，红纤维虾形草主要在岩石底质上生长，且通常生长在风浪流较强的环境中。为了探究通过移植的方式修复衰退虾形草床的可行性，于2019年4月—2020年8月在山东荣成马山里海域高、中、低3个不同水动力条件的区域进行红纤维虾形草移植实验，并对移植植株的存活率、形态、生长和生理状况进行监测。结果显示，移植16个月后，高、中、低3种水动力条件下移植植株的存活率均分别为63.7%、61.0%和60.0%，但差异不显著；植株大小(株高、叶宽、根状茎直径等)、光合色素含量(叶绿素a、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素)、可溶性糖和淀粉含量均在高水动力条件下获得最高值，且随时间变化显著。研究表明，3种水动力条件下，移植的虾形草都具有较高的存活率，但高水动力条件更适于虾形草的生长，证实了在马山里海域通过本研究方法进行虾形草移植以修复衰退的虾形草床具有可行性。

英文摘要:

      Surfgrass Phyllospadix iwatensis belongs to the family Zosteraceae. Similar to most seagrass species, surfgrass beds has declined in the past decades. Unlike most of the seagrasses that colonize soft substrates (e.g., sand or mud), surfgrass grows predominantly on rocky substrates and can survive in high-energy environments. Therefore, the widely used transplanting methods for seagrasses growing in sandy or muddy sediments cannot be used in surfgrass transplantation. To explore the feasibility of restoring degraded surfgrass beds through transplantation, a transplanting unit was designed specifically for surfgrass, and a transplanting experiment was carried out from April 2019 to August 2020 at three sites with different hydrodynamic regimes (high, middle, and low levels) in the coastal area of Mashanli in Rongcheng, Shandong Province. After transplantation, transplant survival and morphological and physiological characteristics were examined bimonthly. The results showed that at 16 months after transplantation, the survival rates of the surfgrass transplants were 63.7%, 61.0%, and 60.0% under the high, middle, and low hydrodynamic regimes, respectively, but these differences were not significant. The plant size (shoot height, leaf width, rhizome diameter, etc.), photosynthetic pigment content (chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll and carotenoids), and soluble sugar and starch content were all highest under high hydrodynamic regimes, and significant temporal variations were observed in these measurements. The results suggest that a higher survival rate can be achieved in all the three hydrodynamic regimes by using the transplanting method, and the area of the high hydrodynamic regime is more suitable for the growth of surfgrass transplants. The results of this experiment confirmed the feasibility of restoring degraded surfgrass beds at any of the three hydrodynamic regimes in the Mashanli area using the transplanting system and methods applied in this study.