海洋江豚的研究概述

A review of studies concerning the marine finless porpoise

中文关键词: 海洋江豚  分类  种群  分布

英文关键词: Marine finless porpoise  Taxonomy  Population  Distribution

中文摘要:

      近年来随着国家政策的重视，人们环保意识的提高，针对珍稀濒危水生野生动物，尤其是鲸类动物的保护工作受到越来越多的关注。截至目前，国内相关研究单位针对鲸类动物开展了大量研究，但研究对象主要局限在中华白海豚(Sousa chinensis)和长江江豚(Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis)。相比较而言，在我国分布范围更广的海洋江豚得到的研究和保护远远不够，亟需开展系统深入的研究工作。鉴于此，本文对江豚的记载、分类和海洋江豚的研究进行了回顾，重点总结了海洋江豚的生态学、生物学、遗传学、声学以及摄食和繁殖等方面的研究进展，对今后的研究和保护重点提出了建议，包括注重基础研究、强化保护区建设、注重保护技术研发和加强宣传教育，以期对未来的工作提供借鉴。

英文摘要:

      In recent years, there has been growing scientific and public interest in the protection of endangered aquatic animals, especially cetaceans. Chinese scientists have carried out numerous studies on marine mammals. However, only a few works have focused on the marine finless porpoise compared with the other two cetacean species/subspecies: Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins and Yangtze finless porpoises. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct systematic studies on marine finless porpoises. In this article, we reviewed the historical records, taxonomy, and studies on marine finless porpoises, particularly aspects such as the ecology, biology, conservation, genetics, acoustics, feeding, and breeding. In addition, further studies and conservation strategies are recommended accordingly, aiming to better understand and protect marine finless porpoise.