脊尾白虾耐盐碱性状遗传力和遗传相关的估计

Estimation of heritability and genetic correlation of saline-alkali tolerance in Exopalaemon carinicauda

中文关键词: 脊尾白虾  耐盐碱性状  遗传力  遗传相关

英文关键词: Exopalaemon carinicauda  Saline-alkali tolerance  Heritability  Genetic correlations

中文摘要:

      应用数量遗传学原理和全同胞组内相关法估计50日龄脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)耐盐碱性状的遗传力和遗传相关。采用定向交尾方式构建脊尾白虾50个全同胞家系(包括42个半同胞家系)，利用SPSS软件的一般线性模型(GLM)对各家系盐碱胁迫的存活时间进行方差分析，估计脊尾白虾耐盐碱性状的遗传力和遗传相关。结果显示，脊尾白虾耐盐碱性状的遗传力为0.18~0.60，其估计值未达到显著水平，属于中等遗传力；50日龄脊尾白虾耐盐碱性状与体长的遗传相关和表型相关分别为–0.401和0.127，耐盐碱性状和体重的遗传相关和表型相关分别为–0.196和0.033，耐盐碱性状与体长、体重的相关程度较低。本研究表明，选择育种对于脊尾白虾耐盐碱性状的改良具有较大潜力，且以耐盐碱性状为选育指标，不会对脊尾白虾体长和体重产生显著影响。

英文摘要:

      Exopalaemon carinicauda is a widely-distributed species. Its wide temperature and salinity tolerances, fast growth, and strong adaptability have enabled it to become a characteristic breeding species in coastal areas of China. In China, there are around 100 million acres of saline-alkali water with breeding potential. Saline-alkali water has a high-pH, high-carbonate alkalinity, and complex ion composition, which hinders the full development and utilization of resources. Due to its strong environmental adaptability, E. carinicauda has been successfully cultivated in coastal saline-alkali waters in recent years. It is urgent to improve its germplasm for saline-alkali aquaculture production of this species. In this study, quantitative genetics principles and intra-sibling correlation methods were used to estimate the heritability and heredity-related parameters of saline-alkali stress in 50-day-old E. carinicauda. Fifty full-sib families (including 42 half-sib families) were constructed by directional mating. The survival time under saline-alkali stress was analyzed with a general linear model (GLM) using SPSS software, and the genetic correlation with and heritability of saline-alkali tolerance were estimated. The results showed that the heritability of saline-alkali tolerance was 0.18~0.60, and the estimated value was not significant. The genetic correlation and phenotypic correlation between saline-alkali tolerance and body length were –0.401 and 0.127, respectively. The genetic and phenotypic correlations between saline-alkali tolerance and body weight were –0.196 and 0.033, respectively. The results of this study showed that selective breeding has great potential to improve the saline-alkali tolerance of E. carinicauda, and taking the saline-alkali tolerance as the breeding index would not significantly affect the body length and weight of E. carinicauda.