不同光照周期对日本囊对虾生长、蜕皮和糖代谢的影响

Effects of Different Photoperiods on Growth, Molting and Glucose Metabolism of Marsupenaeus japonicas

中文关键词: 日本囊对虾  光照周期  生长  蜕皮  糖代谢

英文关键词: Marsupenaeus japonicas  Photoperiod  Growth  Molting  Glucose metabolism

中文摘要:

      本研究比较分析了不同光照周期(全黑暗D、光照:黑暗10L:14D、光照:黑暗14L:10D、全光照L)对日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeus japonicas)生长、蜕皮和糖代谢的影响。结果显示，随着光照时间的延长，日本囊对虾的存活率(SR)、特定生长率(SGR)和蜕皮率(MF)逐渐降低，到第49天时，L组日本囊对虾死亡率达100%。实验结束时，D组SR、SGR和MF显著高于10L:14D组和14L:10D组(P<0.05)，分别为(60.000±2.722)%、(6.966±0.686)%/d和(4.667±0.363)%/d，但10L:14D组和14L:10D组间的SR、SGR和MF差异不显著。不同光照周期对日本囊对虾体内蜕皮抑制激素(MIH)和蜕皮激素(EH)浓度有显著影响。第30天时，D组MIH浓度显著低于10L:14D、14L:10D和L组(P<0.05)，10L:14D和14L:10D组MIH浓度显著低于L组(P<0.05)，10L:14D和14L:10D组间差异不显著；第60天时，D组MIH浓度显著低于10L:14D和14L:10D组(P<0.05)，但2组间差异不显著；随着光照时间的延长，日本囊对虾体内EH浓度不断降低，第30天时，D组EH浓度显著高于10L:14D、14L:10D和L组(P<0.05)，10L:14D、14L:10D和L组相比差异不显著；第60天时，D组EH浓度显著高于10L:14D和14L:10D组(P<0.05)，但2组间差异不显著。不同光照周期显著影响日本囊对虾的糖代谢，不同处理组血清中的5-羟色胺(5-HT)、高血糖激素(CHH)和肝胰腺中的糖原磷酸化酶(GP)的变化趋势与上述MIH浓度变化趋势一致，而肝胰腺中糖原合酶(GS)的变化趋势与MIH浓度变化趋势相反。研究表明，日本囊对虾最适宜生长的环境为全黑暗状态。

英文摘要:

      This study compared the effects of different photoperiods (D, 10L:14D, 14L:10D, L) on the growth, molting and glucose metabolism of Marsupenaeus japonicus. The results showed that different photoperiods had significant effects on the growth, molting, and glucose metabolism of M. japonicas. With the extension of illumination time, the survival rate (SR), specific growth rate (SGR), and molting rate (MF) of these shrimps decreased gradually. By day 49, the mortality of the shrimps in the group L reached 100%. At the end of the experiment, SR, SGR, and MF were significantly higher in the group D (60.000±2.722)% than in the 10L:14D (6.966±0.686)%/d and 14L:10D (4.667±0.363)%/d groups (P<0.05). However, the differences in SR, SGR, and MF between the 10L:14D and 14L:10D groups were not significant. Different photoperiods significantly affected the concentration of molting inhibitory hormone (MIH) and ecdysone hormone (EH) in Japanese prawns. On day 30, the concentration of MIH was significantly lower in the group D than in the 10L:14D, 14L:10D, and L groups (P<0.05), and the concentrations of MIH were significantly lower in the 10L:14D and 14L:10D groups than in the group L (P<0.05); the differences in the 10L:14D and 14L:10D groups were not significant. On day 60, the concentration of MIH was significantly lower in the group D than in the 10L:14D and 14L:10D groups (P<0.05), but the differences between the two groups were not significant. The concentration of EH in the shrimps decreased continuously with the extension of the illumination time. On day 30, the concentration of EH was significantly higher in the group D than in the 10L:14D, 14L:10D, and L groups (P<0.05); however, there were no significant differences between these three groups. On day 60, the concentration of EH was significantly higher in the group D than in the 10L:14D and 14L:10D groups (P<0.05), but the differences between the two groups were not significant. Different photoperiods significantly affected the glucose metabolism of shrimps, and the changes in serotonin (5-HT), crustacean hyperglycemic hormone, and glycogen phosphorylase levels in the hepatopancreas of different treatment groups showed the same trend as the concentration of MIH mentioned above, whereas the changes in glutamine synthetase levels in the hepatopancreas exhibited an exactly opposite trend. Taken together, these findings indicate that a dark state is the most suitable environment for optimum growth of the Japanese prawn.