珠江流域9个大鳞副泥鳅群体遗传多样性的微卫星分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Nine Loach (Paramisgurnus dabryanus) Populations in the Pearl River Basin Based on Microsatellite Markers

中文关键词: 大鳞副泥鳅  微卫星  遗传多样性

英文关键词: Paramisgurnus dabryanu  Microsatellite  Genetic diversity

中文摘要:

      为探索我国珠江流域大鳞副泥鳅(Paramisgurnus dabryanus)群体的遗传分化及亲缘关系，本研究采用8个微卫星分子标记，对我国珠江流域9个大鳞副泥鳅群体(佛山、高要、封开、肇庆、乳源、乐昌、韶关、河源和惠州)进行了遗传多样性分析。结果显示，8个微卫星位点共检测到 69个等位基因，平均等位基因(Na)和有效等位基因(Ne)分别为8.6和4.0个，平均观测杂合度(Ho)和期望杂合度(He)分别为0.4426和0.7030。9个大鳞副泥鳅群体间的遗传分化系数(Fst)和基因流(Nm)分别为0.2452和0.7697，表明群体间遗传分化水平较高，遗传交流水平低。采用UPGMA法，对 9个群体基于遗传距离进行聚类，可分为两大支，韶关、佛山和乳源群体聚为一支；另一支包含了其余的6个大鳞副泥鳅群体，分为3个小分支，分别为乐昌与肇庆群体、河源与惠州群体及高要与封开群体。研究表明，珠江流域的9个大鳞副泥鳅群体具有较高的遗传多样性，且群体间存在着一定的遗传分化，具有进一步选育的价值。

英文摘要:

      Human activities and environmental pollution have caused varying degrees of damage to Paramisgurnus dabryanus resources in China. To explore the genetic differentiation and phylogenetic relationship of P. dabryanus populations in China’s Pearl River Basin, eight microsatellite markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of nine geographical populations (Foshan, Gaoyao, Fengkai, Zhaoqing, Ruyuan, Lechang, Shaoguan, Heyuan, and Huizhou) of P. dabryanus in the Pearl River Basin. The analysis detected 69 alleles in eight microsatellite loci. The average number of alleles (Na) and effective alleles (Ne) per locus were 8.6 and 4.0, respectively, and the average observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He) were 0.4426 and 0.7030, respectively. The average genetic differentiation coefficient (Fst) and number of migrants per generation (Nm) of the nine P. dabryanus populations were 0.2452 and 0.7697, respectively, which indicates that genetic differentiation among populations was high and genetic communication was low. Cluster analysis was performed by the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) method, based on the genetic distance among nine populations. The resulting UPGMA tree was divided into two main branches. The Shaoguan, Foshan, and Ruyuan populations were monophyletic and formed one clade. The remaining six P. dabryanus populations formed the other branch, which contained three smaller branches, which were composed of the Lechang and Zhaoqing populations, the Heyuan and Huizhou populations, the Gaoyao and Fengkai populations. These results suggest that the genetic diversity of nine P. dabryanus populations in the Pearl River Basin was high, and there was a certain genetic differentiation among the populations, which could be used for further breeding.