四川华鳊仔稚鱼生长与形态发育研究

Growth and Morphological Development of Larval and Juvenile Sinibrama taeniatus

中文关键词: 四川华鳊  仔稚鱼  生长  形态发育

英文关键词: Sinibrama taeniatus  Larvae and juveniles  Growth  Morphological development

中文摘要:

      为积累四川华鳊(Sinibrama taeniatus)的发育生物学资料和完善苗种培育技术，本研究使用显微数码拍摄系统对四川华鳊仔稚鱼的外部形态与内部结构特征进行观察。结果显示，在水温为(25.0±0.5)℃条件下，四川华鳊初孵仔鱼全长为(4.54±0.04) mm，卵黄囊前部呈椭圆，后部呈棒状，体积为(0.26±0.01) mm3。卵黄囊期仔鱼从初孵到卵黄吸收完全为止，历时8 d，全长特定生长率(SGRL)为5.99%。仔鱼出膜后3 d开始摄食，混合营养期为5 d，卵黄囊体积(V)与日龄(D)的关系：V= –0.0049 D3+0.0369 D2–0.1333 D+0.2583(R2=0.9947)。晚期仔鱼从卵黄囊消失到鳞片出现，历时25 d，SGRL为2.16%。稚鱼期从鳞片开始出现到鳞片完整，历时53 d，SGRL为0.90%。整个仔稚鱼阶段全长(TL)和日龄(D)的相关方程为：TL= –7×10–7 D3–0.0011 D2+0.2820 D+4.7083(R2= 0.9957)。

英文摘要:

      Sinibrama taeniatus, a cyprinidae fish belonging to Cultrinae, inhabits only the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, mainly in the Sichuan Province. Due to habitat loss associated with the Three Gorges Project and overfishing, sharp decreases in S. taeniatus populations have been forecast. Surveys of larval and juvenile S. taeniatus were conducted to accumulate developmental data to perfect large-scale artificial breeding technologies and provide a theoretical basis for conservation and recovery of this endemic species. Morphological and anatomic development of larval and juvenile S. taeniatus were with a digital camera system. Newly hatched larvae measured (4.54±0.04) mm at (25.0±0.5)℃. The volume of yolk sacs was (0.26±0.01) mm3, the anterior portion of which was oval and the posterior portion of which was rod-shaped. The development of yolk sac larvae from hatching to yolk absorption took approximately 8 days and the special growth rate of total length was 5.99%. During that period, larvae started feeding on the third day and the mixed nutrition stage lasted 5 days. The relationship between yolk sac volume (V) and age (D) can be expressed as V = −0.0049 D3 + 0.0369 D2 − 0.1333 D + 0.2583 (R2＝0.9947). Late larvae with disappeared yolk sacs completely relied on exogenous material to obtain energy until scales appeared. This developmental stage lasted 25 days and the special growth rate of total length was 2.16%. During the juvenile period, scale development lasted 53 days, and the special growth rate of total length was 0.90%. The relation between total length (TL) and D of larval and juvenile S. taeniatus can be described by TL = −7 × 10−7 D3 −0.0011 D2 + 0.2820 D + 4.7083 (R2＝0.9957).