池养中华绒螯蟹不同性别形态及质量差异分析

Morphological Attributes and Quality Parameters of Different Sexes of Eriocheir sinensis Cultured in a Pond

中文关键词: 中华绒螯蟹  形态指标  肝胰腺指数  相关性  肥满度

英文关键词: Eriocheir sinensis  Morphometrical index  Hepatosomatic index  Correlation  Condition factor

中文摘要:

      池塘养殖中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)是当前的主要生产方式，为了解池养中华绒螯蟹形态指标参数，分别测定了中华绒螯蟹幼体和成体的头胸甲长、头胸甲宽、体高、体质量和各部位的质量及含水率，计算了肝胰腺指数和肌肉指数，旨在了解池养中华绒螯蟹形态指标及质量参数的关系。结果显示，不同性别幼蟹头胸甲长、头胸甲宽、体高、肌肉指数无显著差异(P>0.05)，而体质量差异显著(P<0.05)；不同性别成蟹各形态指标差异极显著(P<0.01)；幼蟹的肝胰腺、肌肉及其他部分含水率差异极显著，高于成蟹(P<0.01)；成蟹的肌肉指数和肝胰腺指数差异极显著，高于幼蟹(P<0.01)。本研究分别建立了幼蟹体质量(Y1)与体高(X3)、成蟹体质量(Y2)与头胸甲宽(X2)的回归方程：Y1=12.067+16.416X3，Y2=268.423+62.078X2，幼蟹的决定系数高于成蟹。本研究可为中华绒螯蟹生态养殖中的产量估算和品质鉴定提供参考。

英文摘要:

      The Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) is an important freshwater crustacean cultured in China. It is popular with consumers because of its high nutritional value, pleasant smell, and taste. With increasing demand from the Chinese market, Chinese mitten crabs are now widely cultivated in ponds, lakes, and reservoirs. Pond culture of E. sinensis is the current main production method. To understand the parameters of morphological indicators of the Chinese mitten crab, some morphometrical traits, including carapace length (CL), carapace width (CW), carapace height (CH), and body weight (W) and moisture content were measured in E. sinensis cultured in ponds, and the hepatosomatic index (HSI) and muscle index (MI) were estimated to understand morphological attributes and quality parameters. The results showed no significant difference in CL, CW, body height, and MI in different sex groups of juvenile crabs (P>0.05), with significant differences in body weight in juvenile crabs (P<0.05). There were highly significant differences by sex in the above indices for adult crabs (P<0.01). Juvenile crabs had significantly higher HSI and MI than adult crab (P<0.01). The regression equation for juvenile crab body weight (Y1), body weight of adult crabs (Y2) CW (X2), and CH (X3) were expressed as Y1=12.067+16.416X3, and Y2=268.423+62.078X2, a higher decision coefficient for juveniles than for adults. The findings provide a scientific basis for ecological breeding of Chinese mitten crabs in yield estimation and quality evaluation.