雌雄条纹锯鮨肌肉营养成分的比较与评价

Comparison and evaluation of nutritional components in the muscle of male and female Centropristis striata

中文关键词: 条纹锯鮨  肌肉  雌雄  营养成分  评价

英文关键词: Centropristis striata  Muscle  Male and female  Nutritional component  Evaluation

中文摘要:

      本研究对雌雄条纹锯鮨(Centropristis striata)肌肉的营养成分进行了比较分析，并对其品质进行了评价与对比。结果显示，雌性条纹锯鮨肌肉中的水分极显著低于雄性(P<0.01)，粗脂肪极显著高于雄性(P<0.01)，粗蛋白质和灰分含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。雌雄条纹锯鮨肌肉中均检测出16种氨基酸，除蛋氨酸、赖氨酸和甘氨酸的含量具有显著性差异(P<0.05)外，其他13种氨基酸以及氨基酸总量(TAA)、必需氨基酸总量(EAA)和鲜味氨基酸含量(DAA)都不存在显著性差异(P>0.05)。依据氨基酸评分标准(AAS)和化学评分标准(CS)分值，雌雄条纹锯鮨肌肉的第一限制性氨基酸均为蛋氨酸，第二限制性氨基酸均为缬氨酸。雄性条纹锯鮨肌肉的必需氨基酸指数高于雌性，雌性为84.83，雄性为85.28。其必需氨基酸的组成比例均符合FAO/WHO标准。雄性条纹锯鮨肌肉的支链氨基酸和芳香族氨基酸的比值(F值)略高于雌性，雄鱼为2.28，雌鱼为2.24。雄性条纹锯鮨的单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)极显著高于雌性(P<0.01)，多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)和EPA+DHA的含量差异均不显著(P>0.05)。雄性肌肉的∑n-3PUFA/∑n-6PUFA高于雌性，雄性为6.43，雌性为5.51。另外，雄性肌肉的钾钠比(K/Na)也高于雌性，雌鱼为8.27，雄鱼为14.27。研究表明，雄性条纹锯鮨比雌性具有更高的食用价值。

英文摘要:

      Centropristis striata is an economically important marine fish worldwide. In this study, the nutritional content in the muscle of C. striata was compared and evaluated by routine biochemical analysis methods between males and females. The results showed that the female C. striata contained significantly lower moisture than the males (P<0.01). However, the crude fat content in the fresh muscle of females was significantly higher (P<0.01) than that in the muscle of males. There was no significant difference in the crude protein and crude ash content in fresh muscle between females and males (P>0.05). Sixteen common amino acids were detected in the muscles of both males and females. Except for methionine, lysine, and glycine content, there were no significant differences between the other 13 amino acids, total amino acids (TAA), essential amino acids (EAA), and delicious amino acids (DAA) (P>0.05). According to the amino acid score (AAS) and chemical score (CS), the first limiting amino acid for both male and female C. striata was methionine, and the second was valine. The essential amino acids index (EAAI) of the male C. striata was 85.28, a little higher than that of female C. striata (84.84). The composition proportions of the essential amino acids in the muscles of C. striata are all in accordance with the FAO/WHO Standard. The ratios of branched chain amino acids to aromatic amino acids (F values) in the flesh of male and female C. striata were 2.28 and 2.24, respectively. The monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) concentration in the male C. striata was higher than that in females, the difference was highly significant (P<0.01), but the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and EPA+DHA (Eicosapentenoic acid+docosahexoenoic acid) content were not significantly different between the males and females. The ratio of ∑n-3 PUFA to ∑n-6 PUFA in the flesh of the male C. striata was 6.43, which was higher than that of the females (5.51). In addition, the ratio of K to Na in the muscles of the males (14.27) was higher than that of the females (8.27). In conclusion, it can be suggested that male C. striata has a higher edible value than females.