豆油替代鱼油对圆斑星鲽幼鱼生长和肌肉脂肪酸的影响

Growth and Fatty Acid Composition of Juvenile Spotted Halibut (Verasper variegatus) Fed Diets with Fish Oil Replaced by SoyBean Oil

中文关键词: 豆油  鱼油  圆斑星鲽  生长性能  肌肉脂肪酸

英文关键词: Soybean oil  Fish oil  Spotted halibut  Growth  Fatty acid of muscle

中文摘要:

      本实验旨在研究饲料中豆油替代鱼油对圆斑星鲽(Verasper variegatus)幼鱼生长和肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响。用豆油分别替代0、25%、50%和75%的鱼油，配制4组等氮、等脂肪的饲料。选择初始体重为(65.47±1.57) g的圆斑星鲽幼鱼360尾，随机分为4组，每组3个重复，每个重复30尾鱼，养殖56 d。结果显示，(1)随着豆油替代水平的升高，增重率(WGR)呈现降低的趋势(P<0.05)，饲料系数(FCR)呈现升高的趋势(P<0.05)，25%替代组的WGR高于鱼油组(P<0.05)。(2)豆油替代鱼油对圆斑星鲽肌肉的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分和水分含量无显著性影响(P>0.05)，对肝体比(HSI)、脏体比(VSI)和肥满度(CF)无显著性影响(P>0.05)，豆油替代组肝脏的脂肪含量显著高于鱼油组(P<0.05)。(3)随着饲料中豆油水平的增加，圆斑星鲽幼鱼肌肉亚油酸(C18:2n-6)和亚麻酸(C18:3n-3)显著升高(P<0.05)，而二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)则显著降低(P<0.05)。研究结果表明，在该实验条件下，饲料中高比例的豆油替代鱼油会降低鱼体的生长性能和肌肉脂肪酸营养品质。

英文摘要:

      An 8-week experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of the replacement of dietary fish oil (FO) with soybean oil (SO) on growth, lipid deposition, and fatty acid composition of juvenile spotted halibut. Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic practical diets were formulated with SO replacing 0, 25%, 50%, and 75% FO, respectively. In total, 360 juvenile spotted halibut, with an initial body weight of (65.47±1.57) g were randomly distributed into four groups; three replicates were used per group and 30 fish were used per replicate. The fish in each group were randomly fed one of the four experimental diets. The following results were obtained: (1) Compared with 100% FO group, the feed conversion rate of spotted halibut was significantly increased (P<0.05), whereas the weight gain rate was significantly decreased (P<0.05). (2) SO replacement levels had no significant effects on body composition and muscle lipid content of juvenile spotted halibut (P>0.05), but had a significant effect on the liver lipid content of juvenile spotted halibut (P<0.05). The liver lipid content in the 50% and 75% SO groups was significantly higher than that in 100% FO group (P<0.05). (3) The fatty acid composition in the muscle was positively correlated with dietary fatty acid composition. Compared with the 100% FO group, the content of linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) and linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) in the muscle were significantly increased (P<0.05), whereas the content of eicosapntemacnioc acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the muscle were significantly decreased (P<0.05). This study suggested that there were no significant effects on the growth of juvenile spotted halibut when dietary fish oil was replaced by soybean oil. However, the fatty acid composition of muscle was significantly altered.