江蓠、浒苔、藻渣和菌渣替代鱼粉对红鳍东方鲀幼鱼生长性能、相关生化指标的影响

Effects of Gracilaria verrucosa, Enteromorpha prolifera, algae residue and fungi residue on growth performance, and related biochemical indices of juvenile Takifugu rubripes

中文关键词: 红鳍东方鲀  海藻  生长性能  生化指标

英文关键词: Tiger puffer  Seaweed  Growth performance  Biochemical indices

中文摘要:

      本实验旨在研究江蓠(Gracilaria verrucosa)、浒苔(Enteromorpha prolifera)、藻渣和菌渣替代鱼粉对红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)幼鱼生长性能、血清和肝脏生化指标和体组成的影响。实验共制成6种等氮、等脂的饲料，以含鱼粉60%为对照组1和45%鱼粉的为对照组2，分别将10%的江蓠、浒苔、藻渣、菌渣与植物蛋白质配合后替代对照组1饲料中30%的鱼粉，投喂初始体重为(17.33±0.55) g的红鳍东方鲀幼鱼56 d。结果显示，1)浒苔组特定生长率(SGR)显著高于其他5组(P<0.05)，藻渣组SGR显著高于对照组2和江蓠组(P<0.05)，与对照组1和菌渣组无显著差异(P>0.05)；对照组1和浒苔组饲料效率(FER)显著高于对照组2和菌渣(P<0.05)，与江蓠和藻渣组无显著差异(P>0.05)；对照组1的蛋白质沉积率(PPV)和蛋白质效率(PER)显著高于对照组2和菌渣组(P<0.05)，与江蓠、浒苔和藻渣组无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)各组血清和肝脏中谷丙转氨酶(GPT)和谷草转氨酶(GOT)活性均无显著差异(P>0.05)。各组血清丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)菌渣组鱼体粗蛋白质含量显著高于藻渣组(P<0.05)，与对照组1、对照组2、江蓠和浒苔无显著差异(P>0.05)；浒苔和藻渣组鱼体粗脂肪含量显著高于对照组2 (P<0.05)，与对照组1、江蓠和菌渣组无显著差异(P>0.05)。综合来看，将10%江蓠、浒苔、藻渣和菌渣与植物蛋白质配合后替代饲料中30%的鱼粉对红鳍东方鲀幼鱼的生长性能无不良影响，并且浒苔可以显著提高红鳍东方鲀的生长性能。

英文摘要:

      This study investigated the effects of dietary fish meal replacement by seaweeds or residues on growth performance and related biochemical indices of juvenile tiger puffer (Takifugu rubripes), with 2 fishmeal diets containing 60% and 45% fishmeal as the control 1, and the control 2, and other four diets with 30% fishmeal replaced by 10% four kinds of seaweeds or residues (Gracilaria verrucosa, Enteromorpha prolifera, Algae residue, Fungi residue) and vegetables protein(wheat gluten, corn gluten meal, and soybean meal), and they were named as C1, C2, JL, HT, ZZ, and JZ. Each diet was fed to three replicates of 25 tiger puffers with initial body weight of (17.33±0.55) g for 56 d. The results showed as follows: The special growth ratio (SGR) of HT group were significantly higher than that of other groups (P<0.05). The SGR of ZZ group was significantly higher than C2 and JL groups (P<0.05). The feed efficiency ratio (FER) of C1 and HT groups were significantly higher than C2 and JZ groups (P<0.05). The protein productive value (PPV) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) of C1 were significantly higher than C2 and JZ groups (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in activities of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), liver GPT and liver GOT (P>0.05). No significant differences were found in activity of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and content of malondialdehyde (MDA). Crude protein content of whole body in JZ group was significantly higher than ZZ group (P<0.05). And crude lipid contents in whole body in HT and ZZ groups were significantly higher than C2 group (P<0.05). Above results showed that replaced 30% fish meal with 10% G. verrucosa, E. prolifera, algae residue or fungi residue and vegetable proteins have no adverse effect on the growth performance of juvenile tiger puffer, and E. prolifera can significantly improve the growth performance.