基于模糊综合评价法的人工鱼礁生态系统健康研究

Research on Artificial Reef Ecosystem Health Assessment Based on Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation

中文关键词: 人工鱼礁  生态系统健康  模糊综合评价  层次分析法

英文关键词: Artificial reef  Ecosystem health  Fuzzy synthetic evaluation  Analytic hierarchy process

中文摘要:

      本研究采用模糊综合评价法构建人工鱼礁生态系统健康评价模型，采用层次分析法对各项生态指标的权重进行赋值，并利用综合健康指数模型对北戴河人工鱼礁区和对照海区生态系统健康状况进行评价。根据2013年7月本底调查和2014年6月与2015年5月的跟踪调查数据，分析结果显示，人工鱼礁区和对照区的生态系统都处于健康状态，对照区在2013年7月和2014年6月的调查中健康指数均高于鱼礁区，2015年5月调查时，对照区生态健康指数出现下滑，但人工鱼礁区生态系统健康呈现逐步提升的状态，综合健康指数为0.838，属很健康状态。根据评价结果，北戴河人工鱼礁建设取得良好生态效果，生态系统处于逐步稳定健康发展的状态。本研究采用生态系统健康指数，科学评价人工鱼礁生态效应，对人工鱼礁工程建设、环境资源保护、高效管理和可持续利用具有重要意义。

英文摘要:

      In this study, fuzzy synthetic evaluation was used to build a reef ecosystem-health assessment model. To eliminate the dimension effect of sub-indexes, normalization processing was used. Analytic hierarchy process was used to assign a threshold of ecological indicator. The synthetic health index was used to assess the health status of artificial reef areas and contrast areas. Sub-indexes of artificial reef ecosystem health assessments included physical, chemical, and biological factors. Assessment standards were based on seawater quality standards, marine sediment quality, and guidance for the assessment of coastal marine ecosystem health. Data and survey results of a background investigation in July 2013, and a tracing investigation in June 2014 and May 2015, were processed using the ecosystem-health synthetic assessment model. The results indicated that both reef area and contrast area are in a healthy state. The health state of the contrast area was better than that of the reef area in July 2013 before reef construction. Data from June 2014 was consistent with that from the background investigation; the health status of the contrast area was also better, which is related to the disturbance of reef construction and the evolution of the reef system. In May 2015, the health index of the contrast area declined, but that of the reef area increased to 0.838, indicating that the reef is very healthy. Health evaluation indicates that the health of the reef ecosystem in the Beidaihe demonstration area is gradually improving. According to the results obtained with the ecosystem health synthetic assessment model, the state of the reef improved with completion of construction and ecosystem stability; therefore, ecosystem health synthetic assessment is an important method for the management and development of reefs. Researching reef ecosystem health and scientifically assessing artificial reef ecological effects are significant for the construction of reef projects, environment protection, stock enhancement, efficient administration, and sustainable development of fisheries.