饲料中添加β-葡聚糖对虹鳟部分生长指标和血液生理指标的影响

Effects of Dietary β-Glucan on Some Growth and Blood Physiological Indices of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

中文关键词: 虹鳟  β-葡聚糖  生长指标  血液生理指标

英文关键词: Oncorhynchus mykiss  β-glucan  Growth index  Blood physiological index

中文摘要:

      选择初始体重为(454±52) g的虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)，分别投喂添加不同浓度β-葡聚糖(0.05%、0.1%和0.2%)的饲料，饲养30 d后进行取样，分析虹鳟部分生长指标及血液生理指标。结果显示，投喂对应饲料30 d后，0.2%葡聚糖添加组增重率最高，显著高于其他实验组及对照组(P<0.05)，0.05%葡聚糖添加组增重率最低。0.2%葡聚糖添加组特定生长率显著高于其他组(P<0.05)，0.05%和0.1%组与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。0.2%葡聚糖添加组的肝体比显著高于其他实验组及对照组(P<0.05)。各添加组的肥满度随着葡聚糖投喂量的增多而升高，其中，最大值出现于0.2%葡聚糖添加组，但各添加组肥满度均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。投喂30 d后，0.05%葡聚糖组白细胞数量显著高于0.2%葡聚糖组及对照组(P<0.05)，与0.1%葡聚糖组差异不显著(P>0.05)，0.1%葡聚糖组红细胞数量最高，显著高于其他实验组及对照组(P<0.05)，葡聚糖组红细胞数量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。0.1%葡聚糖组血红蛋白浓度显著高于其他实验组及对照组(P<0.05)，对照组鱼的血红蛋白浓度显著低于各实验组(P<0.05)。研究表明，在循环水养殖模式下，饲料中添加β-葡聚糖可提高虹鳟的生长性能并改变其部分血液生理指标，本研究中0.2% β-葡聚糖的效果最好。

英文摘要:

      The aim of this study was to study the effect of dietary β-glucan on certain growth and blood physiological indices of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The experimental animals were robust, with similar weight of (450±50) g. The control group was fed basal feed, and the experimental groups were fed basal feed supplemented with β-glucan at three concentrations: 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2%, three replicate tanks for each group. After 30 days of feeding, the weight gain rate (WGR) in the 0.2% β-glucan group was the highest, significantly higher than that of the other groups (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the WGR of the 0.05% β-glucan group was the lowest. The specific growth rate (SGR) of the 0.2% β-glucan group was significantly higher than that of the other groups (P<0.05). No significant differences in SGR were found among the 0.05% and 0.1% β-glucan groups and the control group (P>0.05). The hepatosomatic index (HSI) of the 0.2% β-glucan group was the highest, significantly higher than that of the other groups (P<0.05). The condition factor (CF) of the 0.2% β-glucan group was significantly lower than that of the other groups (P<0.05). After 30 days of feeding, the number of leukocytes and erythrocytes and the plasma hemoglobin concentration were significantly higher in the experimental groups than in the control group (P<0.05). The number of leukocytes in the 0.05% β-glucan group, which was not significantly different from that of the 0.1% β-glucan group (P>0.05), was significantly higher than that of the 0.2% β-glucan group and control group (P<0.05). The number of erythrocytes in the 0.1% β-glucan group was the highest, significantly higher than that in the other groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the number of erythrocytes in the β-glucan groups was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The changes in hemoglobin concentrations were consistent with changes in erythrocyte count. In conclusion, dietary β-glucan can improve the growth performance and favorably change the blood physiology indicators of rainbow trout, with the appropriate concentration of β-glucan being 0.2%.