大黄鱼幼鱼饲料中大豆磷脂油与菜籽油的适宜配比

Suitable ratio of soybean phospholipid oil to rapeseed oil in the diet of juvenile large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)

中文关键词: 大豆磷脂  菜籽油  大黄鱼  生长  体组成  脂肪酸组成

英文关键词: Soybean phospholipid  Rapeseed oil  Large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)  Growth  Body composition  Fatty acid composition

中文摘要:

      配制浓缩大豆磷脂油与精制菜籽油的添加比例分别为0 : 6、2 : 4、4 : 2和6 : 0的4种等氮、等能和等脂的饲料(P0R6、P2R4、P4R2和P6R0)，在海水浮式网箱中，养殖初始体重为(20.84±0.05) g的大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)幼鱼51 d，每个处理组设3个重复，每个重复40尾鱼。通过评定2种油脂的不同配比对大黄鱼幼鱼的生长、体组成和脂肪酸组成的影响，以得出大黄鱼幼鱼饲料中大豆磷脂油与菜籽油的适宜配比。结果显示，各组实验鱼的存活率均高于91%，且无显著差异(P>0.05)。P2R4组实验鱼的特定生长率显著高于P4R2和P6R0组(P<0.05)。P2R4组实验鱼的蛋白质沉积率和脂肪沉积率显著高于P0R6和P6R0组(P<0.05)。P0R6和P2R4组全鱼的粗脂肪含量显著高于P4R2和P6R0组(P<0.05)。全鱼和肌肉的脂肪酸组成受实验鱼所摄食饲料的脂肪酸组成的影响。P6R0饲料显著降低了实验鱼的肝脏脂肪含量和肥满度(P<0.05)。研究表明，大黄鱼幼鱼饲料中浓缩大豆磷脂油与精制菜籽油的适宜配比为2 : 4。

英文摘要:

      Four isonitrogenous, isoenergetic, and isolipidic diets with varying ratios (0 : 6, 2 : 4, 4 : 2, and 6 : 0) of concentrated soybean phospholipid oil (P) to refined rapeseed oil (R) (P0R6, P2R4, P4R2, and P6R0) were formulated to determine the suitable ratio of soybean phospholipid oil to rapeseed oil in the diet of juvenile large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate sea floating cages of 40 fish [initial body weight (20.84±0.05) g]. Fish were fed to apparent satiation twice daily (5:30 and 16:00) over 51 d. The results suggested that the survival rates of tested fish were higher than 91%, with no significant differences among treatments (P>0.05). The special growth rate was significantly higher with fish fed P2R4, compared with those fed P4R2 and P6R0 (P<0.05). Higher lipid and protein deposition rates were found in P2R4-fed fish compared with those fed the other treatments (P<0.05). Contents of crude protein in whole body and muscle were not significantly affected by the ratio of soybean phospholipid oil to rapeseed oil in diets (P>0.05), but were significantly higher in the viscera of P0R6-fed fish compared with the other treatments (P<0.05). Concentrations of crude lipid in the whole body of P0R6- and P2R4-fed fish were significantly higher than those in P4R2-and P6R0-fed fish (P<0.05). The fatty acid profile of the whole body and muscle was similar to that of the fed diet. The ratio of soybean phospholipid oil to rapeseed oil in diets had no significant effect on hepatosomatic index and viscerosomatic index (P>0.05). The P6R0 diet significantly reduced the liver lipid content and condition factor of test fish (P<0.05). Under the conditions of this study, the suitable ratio of concentrated soybean phospholipid oil to refined rapeseed oil in the diets of juvenile large yellow croaker was 2 : 4, based on growth performance, body composition, and fatty acid composition.