基于线粒体基因组COI和12S rRNA序列的魁蚶中国群体分类学地位研究

The Taxonomic Status of Chinese Population of Scapharca broughtonii Based on Sequences of COI and 12S rRNA Genes

中文关键词: 魁蚶  COI和12S rRNA  系统发育  分类地位

英文关键词: Scapharca broughtonii  COI and 12S rRNA  Phylogeny  Taxonomic status

中文摘要:

      东北亚地区不同地理种群魁蚶(Scapharca brouhtonii)的分类学地位仍存在较大争议。为探讨魁蚶中国群体的分类地位，测定了魁蚶中国群体线粒体基因组COI和12S rRNA序列，并从GenBank中下载了蚶科26种贝类的同源序列进行分析。以贻贝科的贻贝(Mytilus edulis)为外群，用邻近法和最大简约法构建了蚶科贝类的分子系统进化树，分析其分子系统进化关系和分类等级。结果显示，魁蚶中国群体的COI和12S rRNA基因的碱基组成、密码子使用率及变异位点等与魁蚶日本群体和粗饰蚶属的Anadara sativa相似，且遗传距离很小，进化树中聚为一支，亲缘关系很近，初步确定魁蚶中国群体的分类地位和魁蚶日本群体一致。本研究结果初步阐明了魁蚶中国群体的分子系统进化地位，有利于掌握魁蚶的遗传背景和资源状况，以应用于自然资源的保护和推动养殖业的发展。

英文摘要:

      There still exists considerable controversy regarding the taxonomic status of different geographical populations of Scapharca broughtonii in Northeast Asia. To study the taxonomic status of the Chinese population of S. broughtonii, the mitochondrial genomic COI and 12S rRNA sequences of the Chinese population of S. broughtonii were determined using PCR amplification and sequencing. To analyze the molecular phylogenetic relationships and classification, the homologous sequences of 26 species of shellfish were downloaded from GenBank, the molecular phylogenetic trees of COI and 12S rRNA of Arcidae molluscs were constructed using the neighbor-joining and maximum-parsimony methods with Mytilus edulis as the outgroup taxa. The results showed that the base composition, codon utilization, and mutation locus of COI and 12S rRNA genes were similar to those of the Japanese population of S. broughtonii and A. sativa, while the genetic distance was small, showing the genetic relationship was close. The classification status of the Chinese population of S. broughtonii was consistent with that of S. broughtonii. The purpose of this research was to better understand the arkshell genetic background and resources, to protect the natural resources, and promote the development of aquaculture.