养殖大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)腹水病的病原多样性及其耐药性分析

Diversity and Drug Resistance of Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Bacterial Ascetic Disease in Cultured Turbot Scophthalmus maximus

中文关键词: 大菱鲆  腹水病  致病菌  16S rDNA  耐药性

英文关键词: Scophthalmus maximus  Ascites  Pathogen  16S rDNA  Antibiotic resistance

中文摘要:

      为了解引起养殖大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)腹水病的病原多样性及其耐药性情况，针对2002–2010年由不同地区病样分离的27株细菌性病原进行了16S rDNA鉴定，并采用K-B法测定了27株细菌对22种抗生素的耐药性，分析了病原菌的耐药谱及耐药率变化。结果显示，大菱鲆腹水病病原菌主要有大菱鲆弧菌(Vibrio scophthalmi)、迟钝爱德华氏菌(Edwardsiella tarda)、鳗弧菌(Vibrio anguillarum)、哈维氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)、假交替单胞菌(Pseudoalteromonas espejiana)。山东青岛地区以大菱鲆弧菌为主，威海地区以迟钝爱德华氏菌为主，烟台地区菌株种类分布平均。5类细菌对青霉素类、头孢菌素类、大环内酯类、复方新诺明耐药率高于50%。只有1株迟钝爱德华氏菌对氟苯尼考产生了耐药，其余菌株对其均没有耐药性，且在长期使用中不易产生耐药性，证实氟苯尼考为当前防治腹水病的一种良好抗菌药物。27株病原菌的耐药谱数量为27个，每个菌株具备自己独特的耐药谱，74.1%的菌株对10种以上的抗菌药物产生了耐药性，均有多重耐药性。

英文摘要:

      Turbot Scophthalmus maximus was introduced into China in 1992. Since then, it has become one of the most dominant mariculture industries. In recent years, however, a main bottleneck constraining its commercial development is the disease problem prevailing in the farms and causing significant mortalities. Ascites syndrome is a disease that is commonly found in larvae culture and grow-out period. The present study investigated the diversity and antimicrobial resistance of the pathogens isolated from bacterial ascetic disease in cultured turbot S. maximus in Shandong Province. In total, 27 bacterial pathogens were collected from different regions of the province between 2002 and 2010. These 27 strains of pathogens were identified through the use of 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis and their antibiotic resistance profiles were tested with 22 common antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion methodology. The antimicrobial susceptibility data were used to identify correlations between antibiogram and the change of resistance. The results demonstrated that V. scophthalmi, E. tarda, V. anguillarum, V. harveyi, P. espejiana were the pathogenic strains associated with ascetic disease of cultured turbot. The major pathogenic strain was V. scophthalmi in Qingdao area and E. tarda in Weihai area, whereas all pathogenic strains were equally found in Yantai area. Five bacterial strains were resistant to Penicillin, Cephalosporins, Macrolides and T/S with resistance rates over 50%. In addition, the resistance rate to FFC was below 10%, and was little drug resistance in the long-term use, suggesting that FFC is a favorable antibacterial drug to prevent and treat the ascites disease in cultured turbot. Twenty-seven pathogenic bacteria formed 27 antibiogram types since all the strains had multiple antibiotic resistance. 74.1% of the strains were resistant to more than ten different types of antibiotics. In conclusion, the drug resistance rates among aquatic bacteria were very high, becoming the primary problem in the prevention of aquatic bacterial diseases. The results provide theoretical basis and reference for the epidemiological studies of turbot ascetic disease and its early prevention.