牛磺酸及相关氨基酸对鲈鱼(Lateolabrax japonicus)幼鱼生长及组织氨基酸含量的影响

Effects of Dietary Taurine and Related Amino Acids on Growth and Amino Acid Composition of Japanese Seabass (Lateolabrax japonicus)

中文关键词: 鲈鱼  牛磺酸  生长  氨基酸组成

英文关键词: Lateolabrax japonicus  Taurine  Growth  Amino acid composition

中文摘要:

      以平均体重为(8.13±0.05) g的鲈鱼(Lateolabrax japonicus)幼鱼为研究对象，探讨了在低鱼粉饲料中添加牛磺酸、蛋氨酸和半胱氨酸对鲈鱼幼鱼生长及鱼体氨基酸组成的影响。分别在基础饲料中添加0(对照组T-0)、1.0%牛磺酸(T-1)、2.0%牛磺酸(T-2)、0.5%蛋氨酸(M-0.5)和0.5%半胱氨 酸(C-0.5)制成5种等氮等脂的实验饲料，在室内流水养殖系统中进行为期70 d的养殖实验。结果显示，T-1、T-2、M-0.5和C-0.5组鲈鱼幼鱼的终末体重、特定生长率(SGR)、增重率(WGR)和摄食率(FI)均显著高于T-0组(P<0.05); 饲料中添加牛磺酸、蛋氨酸和半胱氨酸均可提高鱼体粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量(P<0.05)，鱼体水分含量则呈现出相反的变化趋势; T-I、T-2组肝脏、肌肉中的牛磺酸含量显著高于T-0组(P<0.05)，但M-0.5、C-0.5组肝脏、肌肉中牛磺酸含量与T-0组无显著差异(P>0.05); T-1、T-2和C-0.5组肝脏的必需氨基酸及总氨基酸含量均高于T-0组(P<0.05)，但M-0.5组肝脏必需氨基酸及总氨基酸含量与T-0组无显著差异(P>0.05); T-1、T-2、M-0.5和C-0.5组肌肉的必需氨基酸含量均高于T-0组，但只有M-0.5组显著高于T-0组(P<0.05); T-1、T-2和M-0.5组肌肉的总氨基酸含量高于T-0组(P<0.05)，C-0.5组与T-0组无显著差异(P>0.05)。研究表明，饲料中添加牛磺酸、蛋氨酸和半胱氨酸均可提高鲈鱼幼鱼的生长，同时可以改善鲈鱼肝脏和肌肉中的氨基酸沉积。

英文摘要:

      A 10-week feeding experiment in indoor flowing-through water system was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary taurine, methionine and cysteine on growth and amino acid composition of Japanese seabass [mean initial weight (8.13±0.05) g]. A basal diet (as control) was formulated with 15% fish meal, 30% soybean meal, 13% corn gluten meal and 12% wheat gluten. The four experimental diets were supplemented with 1.0%, 2.0% taurine, 0.5% methionine and 0.5% cysteine (named as T-1, T-2, M-0.5 and C-0.5, respectively) to the basal diet to formulate isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets. Triplicate groups of 25 fish were fed to apparent satiation twice daily. During the experimental period, water temperature ranged in 23.2-28.8℃, and the dissolved oxygen content was approximately 7 mg/L. The results showed that the final body weight (FBW), specific growth rate (SGR), weight gain (WGR) and feed intake (FI) of T-1, T-2, M-0.5 and C-0.5 groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Fish fed the diets with taurine, methionine and cysteine supplementation had significantly higher whole-body crude protein and crude lipid contents (P<0.05), while the whole-body moisture followed the opposite pattern. The taurine contents of liver and muscle in T-1 and T-2 groups were significantly higher than that in T-0 group (P<0.05), however, the taurine contents of liver and muscle in M-0.5 and C-0.5 groups showed no significant difference with T-0 group (P>0.05). Compared to the control, fish in T-1, T-2 and C-0.5 groups had higher liver essential amino acids and total amino acids contents (P<0.05), while these values were not significantly different in the M-0.5 group (P>0.05). The muscle essential amino acids content of the M-0.5 group was significantly higher than that of T-0 group (P<0.05), while fish in T-1, T-2 and M-0.5 groups had significantly higher muscle total amino acids contents than T-0 group (P<0.05). It is concluded that dietary taurine, methionine and cysteine could promote the growth of juvenile Japanese seabass under the experimental conditions, it can also improve the amino acids deposition in liver and muscle.