盐度、pH对文蛤(Meretrix meretrix)滤水率和摄食率的影响

Effects of Salinity and pH on the Filtration Rate and Ingestion Rate of Meretrix meretrix

中文关键词: 文蛤  盐度  pH  滤水率  摄食率

英文关键词: Meretrix meretrix  Salinity  pH  Filtration rate  Ingestion rate

中文摘要:

      采用静态法，以文蛤(Meretrix meretrix)为受试生物，研究了不同盐度(16、18、20、22和24)和pH(6.7、7.7、8.7、9.7和10.7)对文蛤滤水率和摄食率的影响。结果显示，在16–24盐度范围内，文蛤滤水率和摄食率随盐度增加均呈先升后降的变化趋势，盐度为20组(对照组)文蛤的滤水率和摄食率均为最大值，分别为1.51 L/g·h、6.65 mgPOM/g·h，显著高于盐度为16、18、22、24实验组(P<0.05)，推测文蛤最适生长盐度范围为20左右。pH在6.7–10.7范围内，文蛤滤水率和摄食率均随pH增加呈先升后降的变化趋势，pH=8.7(对照组)文蛤的滤水率和摄食率均为最大值，分别为1.04 L/g·h、11.91 mgPOM/g·h，显著高于6.7、9.7、10.7实验组(P<0.05)，而与pH=7.7实验组差异并不显著(P>0.05)，推测文蛤最适生长pH范围为7.7–8.7。研究结果可为文蛤池塘健康养殖提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Meretrix meretrix is of high commercial value and widely distributed in the coastal area of China. Deterioration of pond environment has caused huge economic loss in pond aquaculture of M. meretrix in recent years. To better understand this process, here we explored the physiological metabolisms of M. meretrix under different salinities and pH. Effects of different salinities (16, 18, 20, 22, and 24) and pH (6.7, 7.7, 8.7, 9.7, and 10.7) on the filtration rate and ingestion rate of M. meretrix were tested under static conditions. Both the filtration rate and the ingestion rate rose as the salinity increased from 16 to 20, and they dropped in the range of 20 to 24. The control group with salinity 20 had the highest filtration rate (1.51 L/g·h) and ingestion rate (6.65 mgPOM/g·h), which were significantly higher than the groups with salinity 16, 18, 22, and 24 (P<0.05). Therefore, salinity 20 was most likely the optimum for the growth of M. meretrix. The filtration rate and ingestion rate increased along with the pH rising from 6.7 to 8.7, but then decreased in the range of 8.7–10.7. Both the filtration rate and the ingestion rate reached the maximum at pH 8.7, which were 1.04 L/g·h and 11.91 mgPOM/g·h respectively, and these values were significantly higher than those in the groups with pH 6.7, 9.7, and 10.7 (P<0.05). Noticeably, there was no difference in the two groups between pH 7.7 and pH 8.7 (P>0.05). So we deduced that the optimum range of pH was 7.7 to 8.7. Our study may provide important information that can help improve the pond aquaculture of M. meretrix.