壳寡糖与低聚木糖对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)幼鱼生长、体组成和血液生化指标的影响

Effects of Chitosan Oligosaccharide and Xylo-oligosaccharide on the Growth Performance, Body Composition and Serum Biochemistry of Juvenile Turbots (Scophthalmus maximus)

中文关键词: 大菱鲆  壳寡糖  低聚木糖  非特异性免疫

英文关键词: Scophthalmus maximus  Chitosan oligosaccharide  Xylo-oligosaccharide  Non-specific immune

中文摘要:

      本研究以初始体重为(15.46±0.06) g的大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)幼鱼为实验对象，采用2×3双因素实验设计，研究饲料中壳寡糖(Chitosan oligosaccharide，COS)和低聚木糖(Xylo-oligosaccharide，XOS)对大菱鲆幼鱼生长、体组成和血液生化指标的影响。养殖实验在全封闭循环水养殖系统中进行，养殖周期为60 d。9组实验饲料粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量分别为53%和11%；每组饲料随机投喂3桶，每桶30尾鱼。结果显示，饲料中同时添加0.5%的壳寡糖、1.0%的低聚木糖对大菱鲆幼鱼的促生长作用最明显，相对增重率显著提高。饲料中壳寡糖和低聚木糖对大菱鲆幼鱼增重率、特定生长率、饵料系数、蛋白质效率均有显著影响(P<0.05)，但对大菱鲆体成分影响不显著(P>0.05)；低聚木糖和壳寡糖对大菱鲆幼鱼特定生长率、增重率、全鱼粗脂肪和灰分、血清甘油三酯、溶菌酶以及碱性磷酸酶均存在显著交互作用(P<0.05)。研究表明，低聚木糖和壳寡糖配合使用可以显著提高大菱鲆幼鱼的生长效果，并且可在一定程度上增强其非特异性免疫能力，降低血脂含量。

英文摘要:

      Here we conducted a 2×3 two-factorial experiment to evaluate the effects of Chitosan oligosaccharide(COS) and Xylo-oligosaccharide(XOS) on the growth, body composition and serum biochemistry of juvenile turbots (Scophthalmus maximus) with initial body weight of (15.46±0.06) g. The feeding trial lasted 8 weeks. Totally 9 diets were formulated to provide graded levels of COS (0, 0.5%, and 1.0%) and XOS (0, 0.5%, and 1.0%). The results showed that the levels of COS and XOS significantly affected the weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion, protein efficiency rate, muscle moisture and crude lipid of juvenile turbots (P<0.05). The addition of COS and XOS at different levels did not generate significant differences in the body composition and the muscle ash content (P>0.05). There were significant interactions between XOS and COS in the growth rate, weight gain, whole fish fat and ash, muscle fat and protein, serum triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lysozyme and alkaline phosphatase (P<0.05). The results above implied that the combination of XOS and COS could significantly improve the growth of juvenile turbots, moderately enhance the non-specific immunity, and facilitate the regulation of the level of the serum lipid. According to our experimental data we recommend that 0.5% COS and 1.0% XOS should be the optimal combination in the diet.