大海马(Hippocampus kuda Bleeker)幼体口吻部骨骼形态观察及其对摄食的影响

The Skeletal Morphology of Snout Tube and Its Effect on Feeding of Juvenile Yellow Seahorse, Hippocampus kuda Bleeker

中文关键词: 大海马幼鱼  口吻部  骨骼形态  摄食

英文关键词: Seahorse juvenile  Snout tube  Skeletal morphology  Feeding

中文摘要:

      通过对10尾2-3日龄的幼体海马的固定、染色、消化的研究，用显微镜对其摄食器官的构成进行详细观察，明确了幼体海马管状鼻内骨骼的结构。结果显示，幼体海马在摄食时，其舌骨角、后翼骨、方骨、上颌骨、续骨起到支撑等重要的作用；海马幼鱼期续骨与后翼骨之间的夹缝结构，可使略大的饵料通过。因此，可以在养殖过程中通过适当地增加饵料的粒径，有效地提高幼体摄食效率，从而提高存活率。

英文摘要:

      The most effective way to protect wild life resources and to meet the market’s demand is artificial aquaculture. The low survival rate of sea horse juvenile due to low food intake slowed down the development of the culture industry; however, the reasons that impact feeding behavior and its metabolism of the juvenile are unclear. To address this, ten 2- or 3-day-old juveniles of Hippocampus kuda were fixed in paraformaldehyde with PBS, and its skeletal morphology of the snout tube was observed and analyzed. The tube snout’s profile and structure included metapterygoid, quadrate and symplectic, were important to juvenile’s feeding. A hole composed of metapterygoid and the end of symplectic is the smallest diameter in the snout tube, which decided the size of the feeding food. In addition, there is a crevice between metapterygoid and symplectic, which could slightly compensate the limitation in the snout tube and can pass bigger food than the smallest diameter. These observations suggest that properly increasing the size of food might enhance feeding efficiency and promote survival rate.