崂山湾中国对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)增殖放流的效果评价

Assessment of Enhancement Effectiveness of Chinese Shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis Stock in the Laoshan Bay

中文关键词: 中国对虾  崂山湾  自然群体  放流群体  回捕率

英文关键词: Fenneropenaeus chinensis  Laoshan Bay  Natural population  Stock population  The recapture rate

中文摘要:

      为了评价崂山湾中国对虾的增殖效果，2012年5月在崂山湾分两批次放流中国对虾15673万尾。2012年7–9月开展了中国对虾跟踪与回捕调查，进行了中国对虾放流苗种存活生长状况、洄游分布及回捕情况的研究，并应用“Bhattacharya”法区分了中国对虾的自然群体与放流群体。结果显示，8月中旬中国对虾放流苗种主要生活在崂山湾中部海域，第1、2批放流苗种的平均体长分别达到144.9、130.5 mm，随着水温的降低，作季节性短距离的由浅水向深水区移动，放流种群和自然种群分别占总群体的92%和8%；由于受到竞争生物及栖息地环境因素的影响，中国对虾放流群体的回捕率仅为0.58%。虽然相比其他海域中国对虾的回捕率较低，但是崂山湾中国对虾增殖放流仍然取得了一定的生态、经济和社会效益。

英文摘要:

      Fleshy prawn Fenneropenaeus chinensis is one of the most important species for stock enhancement in the Laoshan Bay. To evaluate the potential effectiveness of releasing fleshy prawn stock enhancement, we analyzed the survival rate, growth rate, migratory pattern, and recapture rate of the released fleshy prawn using the Bhattacharya method based on the monitoring survey monitoring survey monitoring surveymonitoring and recapture survey of fleshy prawn from July to September 2012 in the Laoshan Bay. We found that the released prawn mainly inhabited in inner or middle part of the Laoshan Bay, in which the sediments were sandy or sand-mud substratum. In mid-August, the mean body length of the first and second batch released fleshy prawn were 144.9 mm and 130.5 mm, respectively. The ratios of the released and wild fleshy prawns to the total population were 92% and 8%, respectively. The fleshy prawn moved from shallow water to deep water when the water temperature decreased. During the study period (from late August to early October), a total of 0.996 million released prawns were collected with the 0.58% mean recapture rate of fleshy prawn in the Laoshan Bay, which might be explained by the food competition, enemy creature and habitat destruction. Although the recapture rate of fleshy prawn was low, the ecological, economic and social benefits were still gained from the stock enhancement of fleshy prawn in the Laoshan Bay.