鄱阳湖翘嘴鳜(Siniperca chuatsi)的生物学参数及资源量的估算

The Assessment of Biological Parameters and Stock Biomass of Siniperca chuatsi in the Poyang Lake

中文关键词: 翘嘴鳜  FiSAT II  生物学参数  资源量  鄱阳湖

英文关键词: Siniperca chuatsi  FiSAT II  Biological parameters  Resource  Poyang Lake

中文摘要:

      研究基于鄱阳湖渔业资源调查数据，运用软件FiSAT II对翘嘴鳜的生物学参数及其资源量进行了初步估算。结果显示，鄱阳湖翘嘴鳜体长范围为77-526 mm；体长和体重的关系式为W = 1.888´10-5L3.042(R2=0.951, n=577)，von Bertalanffy生长方程的各参数为: 渐进体长L∞ = 551.25 mm，生长系数K = 0.210，理论生长起点年龄t0 = -0.601。总死亡系数Z=1.06/a，自然死亡系数M=0.44/a，捕捞死亡系数F=0.62/a，最适开捕体长为150 mm。鄱阳湖翘嘴鳜开发率E = 0.58，处于资源过度利用状态。鄱阳湖翘嘴鳜的初始资源量估算高达1.92´104 t，最大可持续产量MSY为4384.93 t。鄱阳湖翘嘴鳜群体中补充群体和低龄剩余群体的比例明显增加，低龄化和小型化趋势凸显，资源衰退问题突出，但生长潜力依然存在。应采取降低对鄱阳湖翘嘴鳜繁殖群体的捕捞强度、保护产卵场等积极措施来保护这一珍贵的渔业资源。

英文摘要:

      Mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) is a rare and precious economic species of freshwater fish with a long standing reputation because of its fast growth, meat delicate, delicious and nutrient rich. The mature artificial propagation technology has created good conditions for Siniperca chuatsi large- scale cultivation since 1980 s. However, the wild Siniperca chuatsi population is declining due to over exploitation and environmental pollution in their habitat, which may cause the decline of genetic diversity. Mandarin fish is one of abundant species in Poyang Lake and plays an important role in the lake ecosystem. Based on Poyang Lake fishery resources investigation data, we assessed biological parameters and stock biomass of Siniperca chuatsi using FiSAT II software. The results indicated that the length of Siniperca chuatsi population ranged from 77 to 526 mm, and that the relationship between body length (mm) and body weight (g) can be expressed as W = 1.888´10-5L3.042(R2=0.951, n = 577). The estimated parameter for von Bertalanffy growth equation was L∞= 551.25 mm, K= 0.210, and t0 = -0.601. Total mortality (Z) was 1.06 a-1; natural mortality was (M) 0.44 a-1; fishing mortality (F) was 0.62 a-1; the optimum catchable size was 150 cm. The exploitation rate was 0.58, which is in the situation of over exploitation. The initial stock of Siniperca chuatsi in the Poyang Lake was up to 1.92´104 tons, and the Maximum sustainable yield (MSY) was 4384.93 tons. The recruitment and young surplus populations of the spawning stock increased significantly in the reproductive population. Low-age and miniaturization tendency was obvious; however, the growth potential was still high based on the growth equation. The results suggest that active strategies such as reducing fishing intensity of the reproductive population and protecting the spawning grounds are imperative to maintain this precious fishery resources.