低温活鱼运输箱监控系统研制

The Development of a Monitoring System for Low-Temperature Live Fish Transportation

中文关键词: PLC  活鱼运输  监控系统  触摸屏

英文关键词: PLC  Live fish transport  Monitoring system  Touch screen

中文摘要:

      目前市场上应用的活鱼运输装置大都采用人工控制或单片机控制系统，自动化水平低或抗干扰性差，不能满足长途运输的要求。为了提高低温活鱼运输箱系统的自动化水平，改善活鱼运输条件，提高活鱼运输的存活率，采用PLC为核心控制器，触摸屏为人机界面，通过对系统的硬件和软件进行设计，实现了设备的启停控制，运用PID控制算法和脉冲定时器建立的PPI通信网络，实现了温度、pH值和DO的自动采集与控制。系统温度、pH值和DO控制范围分别为3−35℃、8−13 mg/L和6.5−8.0，箱体内水温分布均匀，升温和降温速率平缓。试验结果表明，空载时，箱体内水体温度分布偏差为1℃，温度上升和下降速率分别为2.5、2.3℃/h；按鱼水质量比1 : 2运输，水温控制在6.7−7.3℃、DO在8.9−12.8 mg/L，pH在6.5−7.5的水体条件下，运输时间约为72 h时，武昌鱼的存活率达到96.7%。系统性能稳定、可靠性高、人机界面友好、使用灵活，能适应不同地区和不同鱼种的运输要求。

英文摘要:

      The most of current live fish transportation devices are designed using single chip microcomputer control system or manual control system. These devices cannot meet the need for long-distance transportation due to their low level of automation and poor anti-interference ability. To improve the automatic control of the low-temperature live fish transportation and the survival rate of live fish, we designed a special control system with a PLC as the core controller and a touch screen as the human-computer interface. The software and hardware of this system were designed for the start/stop control. The PPI communication network, based on the PID algorithm and the pulse timer, could conduct automatic and reliable data collection and the feedback control of key parameters such as the temperature, DO, and pH. The control ranges of the three parameters were 3–35℃, 8–13 mg/L, and 6.5–8.0 respectively. The temperature was uniform in the tank, and rose and dropped slowly and gently. When the system was unloaded, the deviation of temperature was only 1℃, and temperature rose and dropped at 2.5℃/h and 2.3℃/h respectively. After 72-hour transportation, the survival rate of Megalobrama amblycephala was as high as 96.7% under conditions below: the mass ratio of fish to water was 1:2, the temperature was 6.7–7.3℃, the pH was 6.5–7.5, and DO was 8.9–12.8 mg/L. The system had the advantage of stable performance, high reliability, friendly human-machine interface, and flexible operation. These enabled this system to meet the requirement of the water quality during the transportation of different fish species in different regions.