建鲤和黑龙江野鲤自交以及正反交子代生长比较

Growth comparison of inbreeds of Cyprinus carpio var. Jian, Cyprinus carpio haermatopterus and the reciprocal F1 hybrid

中文关键词: 建鲤  黑龙江野鲤  生长参数  杂种优势

英文关键词: Cyprinus carpio var. Jian  Cyprinus carpio haermatopterus  Growth parameter  Heterosis

中文摘要:

      以建鲤和黑龙江野鲤为亲本，建立黑龙江野鲤自交群体(HH)、建鲤自交群体(JJ)、黑龙江野鲤♀×建鲤♂群体(HJ)以及建鲤♀×黑龙江野鲤♂群体(JH)。于养殖198 d和588 d时测量体重、体长、体高和体厚4个生长参数。对生长性状、增重率、肥满度以及生长指数进行方差分析和LSD多重比较。结果表明，不同交配组合在这些指标上均有极显著差异(P<0.01)。养殖198 d和588 d时，4个群体体重和体长大小顺序均为JH>HH>HJ>JJ。4个群体的绝对增重率和特定增重率均随养殖时间而减小。4个群体中，HJ在不同养殖时间内，特定增重率均为最大，JJ群体均为最小；而JH在不同养殖时间内，绝对增重率均为最大，198 d时JJ群体最小，588 d时HH群体最小，说明杂种群体生长性能优于自交群体。在不同的养殖时间内，JJ群体的肥满度均大于其他群体，随养殖时间增加，HH、JJ及HJ群体肥满度不断增大，而JH群体恰恰相反。4个群体的生长指数随养殖时间而增大，并均以JH群体生长指数最大。杂种优势分析表明，HJ群体体型介于黑龙江野鲤和建鲤中间，并随着养殖时间的增加，体型逐渐接近黑龙江野鲤。JH群体在养殖第588天时体高和体厚超黑龙江野鲤杂种优势出现了负值，其余数值均为正值，表现出显著的杂种优势。不同养殖时间，4个群体588 d与198 d体重间的相关系数均达到极显著水平(P<0.01)，JH群体558 d体长和198 d体长、558 d体高和198 d体高；HH群体558 d体厚和198 d体厚间的相关系数也达到了极显著水平(P<0.01)。

英文摘要:

      Four groups of inbreed F1 of Cyprinus carpio haematopteru(HH), inbreed F1 of C. carpio var. Jian(JJ), F1 of C. carpio haematopteru♀×C. carpio var. Jian ♂(HJ), F1of C. carpio haematopteru ♂×C. carpio var. Jian ♀(JH) were established and cultured in the same pond after passive integrated transponder(PIT) marking. Four growth parameters (body weight, body length, body height and body width) were determined at 198 d and 588 d culturing and the growth traits, growth rate, fullness and growth index were analyzed by using ANOVA. The results showed that there were highly significant differences in growth rate, fullness and growth index of the four groups(P<0.01). Both the body weight and body length of four groups were JH>HH>HJ>JJ. Both AGR and SGR of the four groups decreased with the culturing time. During the culturing, SGR of HJ group was the maximum and that of JJ group was the minimum. At 198 d and 588 d, AGR of JH group was the maximum, and at 198 d, that of JJ group was the minimum, but at 588 d, AGR of HH group was smaller than the others. This indicated that the growth performance of the hybrid groups was better than the inbred groups. At 198 d and 588 d, the fullness of JJ group was greater than the other groups. The fullness of HH, JJ and HJ group increased with time, while JH group was the opposite. The growth indexes of four groups increased and the growth index of JH was the highest during the whole culturing. The analysis of heterosis showed that the body type of HJ group was between C. carpio haematopteru and C. carpio var. Jian. The JH group showed positive heterosis during the whole culturing(except for body height and width at 588 d). The body weights of the four groups at 588 d were significantly positive-correlated with those at 198 d (P<0.01). The correlation coefficient of body length and body height of JH group between 588 d and 198 d were highly significant (P<0.01), meanwhile the correlation coefficient of body width of HH group between 588 d and 198 d was also highly significant(P<0.01).