靖海湾松江鲈鱼种质资源保护区海水环境质量年际变化趋势及综合评价

Annual variation and comprehensive evaluation of seawater quality in Trachidermus fasciatus Heckel germ plasm resource protection area in Jinghai Bay

中文关键词: 靖海湾  综合评价  重金属  营养盐

英文关键词: Jinghai Bay  Comprehensive evaluation  Heavy metals  Nutrients

中文摘要:

      根据2011-2013年夏季对靖海湾松江鲈鱼种质资源保护区表层海水营养盐、重金属以及相关环境因子的连续调查数据，分析了该调查区域近3年来海水环境质量的变化，并对该水域营养水平、重金属和有机污染状况进行了评价。结果表明，2011年重金属含量均符合一类海水水质标准，2012年Pb平均含量为1.10μg/L，2013年Cu、Pb、Hg平均含量分别为5.19、2.79、0.07 μg/L，均超出一类海水水质标准。2011年和2012年N/P值均大于Redfield比值，P显得相对缺乏。根据营养化评价模式，调查海域2011年营养水平属磷限制潜在性富营养，2012年营养水平属中度营养，2013年营养水平属富营养化。2011年和2013年的有机污染指数均大于4，受到严重的有机污染。DIN和PO4-P是靖海湾表层海水的主要污染物。2012年海水质量属于允许级别，2011年和2013海水质量属于轻度污染，这与陆源排放、海水养殖等多方面因素有关。

英文摘要:

      Based on the continuous surveys of heavy metals, nutrients and related environmental factors of surface water in Trachidermus fasciatus Heckel germ plasm resource protection area in Jinghai Bay from 2011 to 2013, the water quality was analyzed, and the nutrient level, heavy metals and organic pollution were evaluated. The heavy metal concentrations were below the limit of the first class sea water in 2011, and Pb concentrations exceeded the first class sea water limit in 2012. In 2013, the concentrations of Cu, Pb and Hg were 5.19, 2.79, 0.07 μg/L, all above the limit of the first class seawater. In 2011 and 2012, N/P values were higher than the Redfield ratio of 16, indicating that phosphate was relatively deficient compared to nitrogen. Based on the eutrophication evaluation model, the surveyed area belonged to phosphorus limiting potential eutrophication in 2011, moderate eutrophication in 2012 and eutrophication in 2013. The organic pollution index was higher than 4 in 2011 and 2013, indicating that the survey area suffered from serious organic pollution. DIN and PO4-P were the key pollutants of the surface water in Jinghai Bay. The seawater quality belonged to the permitted level in 2012, while in 2011 and 2013 the water quality belonged to the light pollution level due to pollution from terrestrial runoffs and aquaculture etc.