不同糖源对方格星虫稚虫生长、成活率及体组成的影响

Effects of different carbohydrate sources on growth, survival and body composition of juvenile peanut worm, Sipunculus nudus Linnaeus

中文关键词: 方格星虫  糖源  生长  成活率  体组成

英文关键词: Sipunculus nudus  Carbohydrate sources  Growth  Survival rate  Body composition

中文摘要:

      以初始体重为15.49±0.03 mg的方格星虫稚虫为实验对象，分别投喂以葡萄糖、蔗糖、糊精、木薯淀粉、土豆淀粉、玉米淀粉、糊化玉米淀粉作为饲料糖源的7种等氮（45%蛋白）等脂（9%脂肪）饲料56 d，研究饲料中的糖源对稚星虫生长、成活率及体组成的影响。结果表明，糊化玉米淀粉组增重率和特定生长率最高，显著高于其他各糖源处理组（P<0.05），而饲料中糖源对稚星虫存活率没有显著影响（P>0.05）。体组成分析的结果显示，不同糖源对稚星虫的体水分和体粗蛋白含量均有显著的影响（P<0.05），其中，葡萄糖处理组方格星虫稚虫的体水分含量最高，且显著高于土豆淀粉组（P<0.05），其他各实验组差异不显著；葡萄糖处理组方格星虫稚虫的体粗蛋白含量最低，显著低于糊化及非糊化淀粉组（P<0.05）。不同糖源对稚星虫的体粗脂肪含量及灰分含量没有显著影响（P>0.05）。在本实验条件下，稚星虫对大分子糖类（淀粉）的利用能力显著优于双糖（蔗糖）和单糖（葡萄糖）。另外，玉米淀粉预糊化显著提高了方格星虫稚虫对玉米淀粉的利用。

英文摘要:

      Sipunculus nudus juveniles at average body weight of 15.49±0.03 mg were fed with seven isonitrogenous (45% crude protein) and isolipidic (9% crude lipid) diets containing different carbohydrate (glucose, sucrose, dextrin, tapioca starch, potato starch, corn starch, or gelatinized corn starch) for 8 weeks to investigate the effects of different dietary carbohydrate (CBH) sources on their growth, survival and body composition. The treatment fed with gelatinized corn starch showed the highest weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR), and were significantly higher than the other CBH diets (P<0.05). However, the dietary CBH sources had no significant effects on survival rate of S. nudus (P>0.05). The results of body composition analysis showed that different CBH sources had significant effects on body moisture and body protein (P<0.05). The S. nudus fed with glucose had the highest body moisture and the lowest body protein, which were significantly different from the others (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in body lipid content and body ash content of S. nudus among dietary treatments with different CBH (P>0.05). It could be concluded that the ability for S. nudus to utilize macromolecular carbohydrates was better than that to utilize small molecule carbohydrates, and pre-gelatinization of corn starch significantly improved corn starch utilization in S. nudus based on the experiment results.