不同饵料组合对中国对虾幼体WSSV携带量及存活率的影响

Effect of different diets on the WSSV load and survival rate of Fenneropenaeus chinensis

中文关键词: 中国对虾  饵料  生长发育  存活率  WSSV

英文关键词: Fenneropenaeus chinensis  Diet  Growth  Survival rate  WSSV

中文摘要:

      采用单胞藻（SA）、配合饵料（AF）、轮虫（BP）和卤虫幼体（BS）4种饵料，设计了SA+AF、SA+AF+BP、SA+AF+BS和SA+AF+BP+BS 4种饵料组合并用于中国对虾苗种培育，投喂SA+AF饵料的受精卵分设“碘伏”消毒及未消毒组，投喂其他饵料的受精卵均为“碘伏”消毒组。分析各期幼体成活率、P10体重及WSSV携带量，结果表明，N-Z期间，受精卵消毒与否及投喂不同饵料对中国对虾的成活率差异均不显著（P>0.05）；Z-P期间，投喂BP的成活率明显高于未投喂BP组（P<0.01）；投喂SA+AF+BS的幼体在M-P期间成活率与其他饵料组差异极显著（P<0.01）；投喂SA+AF+BP 饵料组P10幼体的平均体重小于投喂SA+AF+BP+BS组的幼体（P<0.01）；SA+AF消毒组P10仔虾WSSV携带量为10.52±3.3 copies/ng DNA，低于其他饵料组仔虾的WSSV携带量（P<0.05）。在P11-P60培育期间，分别投喂菲律宾蛤仔足肌（CF）+配饵（AF）、60Co γ辐照菲律宾蛤仔足肌(RCF)+配饵（AF）、高锰酸钾消毒菲律宾蛤仔足肌（DCF）+配饵（AF）和配饵（AF）4种饵料组合。结果表明，CF+AF组对虾体重和体长增长最大，但与AF组差异不显著，而CF+AF组和AF组与其余两组差异显著（P<0.05）；4组对虾存活率差异不显著（P>0.05）。WSSV人工感染实验结果表明，4种饵料投喂的对虾累积死亡率都在90%以上，差异均不显著(P>0.05)。

英文摘要:

      Using microalgae (SA), artificial feed (AF), brachionus plicatilis (BP) and brine shrimp larvae (BS) , four diets including SA+AF, SA+AF+BP, SA+AF+BS, and SA+AF+BP+BS were formulated and used for rearing Fenneropenaeus chinensis larvae. All fertilized eggs were disinfected except the larvae fed with SA+AF. The survival rates of different treatments were compared at each stage. It was found that there was no significant difference in the survival rate at N-Z stage by feeding with different diets (P>0.05), but the survival rate of BP treatment was higher than others (P<0.01) at Z-P stage, while that of SA+AF+BS treatment was significantly different (P<0.01) from others at M-P stage. The body weight of 10-day post larvae (P10) fed with SA +AF+BP diet was less than that of SA+AF+BP+BS (P<0.01). The WSSV load of SA+AF treatment (10.52±3.3 copies/ng DNA) were significantly lower than that of other treatments (P<0.05) at P10 stage. During the stage of P11-P60, four kinds of diets, including Ruditapes philippinarum foot muscle (CF)+artificial feed (AF), R. philippinarum foot muscle radiated by 60Co γ (RCF)+artificial feed (AF), potassium-permanganate-disinfected R. philippinarum foot muscle (DCF)+artificial feed (AF) and artificial feed (AF), were used to feed the prawn. The CF+AF treatment gained the greatest increase of body weight and body length, showing no significant difference (P>0.05) from AF treatment, but with significant difference (P<0.05) from the other two treatments. The survival rate of CF+AF treatment was the highest but no significant difference from other treatments (P>0.05). WSSV artificial infection experiment showed that the accumulated mortality in all treatments were higher than 90%, with no significant difference among treatments (P>0.05) .