饲料中适宜的蛋白质和氨基酸水平对刺参生长的影响

Optimum dietary protein and amino acid levels for the growth of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

中文关键词: 幼参  配合饲料  增重率  消化率  蛋白质  氨基酸

英文关键词: Sea cucumber  Formulated feed  Weight gain rate  Digestibility  Protein  Amino acid

中文摘要:

      利用单因素设计，以初始体重为4.5~4.8g的刺参Apostichopus japonicus为研究对象，分别配制以鱼粉、马尾藻和酒糟等为主要成分的配合饲料(蛋白含量为14.7%、17.7%、19.1%及21.5%)喂养刺参70 d。实验表明，实验刺参的增重率和对配合饲料的消化率随着饲料中蛋白含量的增加而增加。配合饲料中粗蛋白的含量为21.49%时，试验幼参的增重率及蛋白质消化率达到最大。另一组试验对5种含有不同种类和数量的氨基酸配合饲料进行了饲喂对比试验，实验进行了40 d。结果表明，饲喂富含甘氨酸、蛋氨酸、赖氨酸和精氨酸饲料的刺参增重率最高。

英文摘要:

      Feeding trials were conducted to investigate the effect of dietary protein and amino acid level on the growth of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus at 4.5~4.8 g. The experiments on juvenile sea cucumbers were conducted over 70 days using an artificial feed, mainly composed of fish meal, Sargassum thumbergii and lees (by products from wine and beer production). The content of protein in artificial feed was 14.7%, 17.7%, 19.1% and 21.5% respectively. The results showed that the weight gain and feed digestibility increased with the protein content in the diet. The optimum protein content was 21.5%, resulting in the highest weight gain and feed digestibility. Based on a second growth experiment over a 40 day period, during which five different feed formulas were tested, it was found that the weight gain was maximal when the diet was rich in the following amino acids: lysine, arginine, glycine and methionine. It suggested that lysine, arginine, glycine and methionine are important amino acids for the growth of sea cucumbers.