不同类型附着基对刺参栖息趋向性的影响分析

The effect of different artificial substrates on the inhabitation taxis of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

中文关键词: 刺参  附着基  栖息  趋向性  平均聚集率

英文关键词: Apostichopus japonicus  Substrate  Inhabit  Taxis  MAR

中文摘要:

      利用单位体积平均聚集数量（Average Gathered Number of Unit Volume，AGNUV）和平均聚集率（Mean Attractive Rate，MAR）统计分析了刺参对10种附着基（石块、三角瓦、U形瓦、遮阳网、网笼附着基、竹制附着基、三孔砖、涡流式异形瓦、大多棱瓦、小多棱瓦）和8种栖息分布区域（池壁面、池棱角、池底面、附着基上、附着基下、附着基棱角凹槽处、附着基内、附着基外）的选择趋向差异性。结果表明，不同类型附着基诱集刺参的效果为：大多棱瓦>石块>三孔砖>小多棱瓦>U形瓦>涡流式异形瓦>三角瓦>网笼附着基>遮阳网>竹制附着基，且大多棱瓦集参效果与三角瓦、网笼附着基、遮阳网、竹制附着基、涡流式异形瓦差异极显著。本研究还发现刺参在水泥池棱角处的MAR（21.02%）高于池壁面MAR（8.23%）和池底面的MAR（15.68%）；刺参在附着基下方和附着基内部的MAR分别高于在附着基上方和附着基外部的MAR。此外，实验结果也表明，1）大多棱瓦附着基对刺参具有最佳诱集效果；2）刺参对栖息位置具有选择趋向性，且不同时间刺参对栖息位置的选择存在显著性差异；3)石块、网笼附着基、遮阳网不宜作为附着基。

英文摘要:

      By calculating and analyzing the average gathered number of unit volume (AGNUV) and the mean attractive rate (MAR) on ten types of artificial substrates and 8 distributional areas, the inhabitation taxis and selection of Apostichopus japonicus was estimated. The results showed that the attractive effect of 10 substrates was in the following descending order：big poly-arris tile, stone, three-hole brick, small poly-arris tile, U-shaped tile, eddy abnormity tile, triangle tile, cage substrate, sunshade net and bamboo substrate. There was significant difference between the big poly-arris tile and eddy abnormity tile, triangle tile, cage substrate, sunshade net and bamboo substrate. It also showed that the MAR of pool edge angle (21.02%) was higher than that of pool wall (8.23%) and pool bottom surface (15.68%), while the MAR underneath and inside of substrate was respectively higher than that of upside and surface. In addition, the experimental test approved the following: (1) The big poly-arris tile had the best performance in the attractive effect; (2) The sea cucumber had an habit that they tended to stay on different location at different time; (3) Stone, cage substrate and sunshade net were not suitable for sea cucumber culture. The attractive effect of several substrates was compared and analyzed in this study.