流清河湾扇贝养殖区夏季附着生物特征研究

The seasonal succession of fouling organisms in Liuqing River estuary

中文关键词: 附着生物  季节演替  网目  深度  垂直分布

英文关键词: Fouling organisms  Seasonal succession  Mesh size  Water depth  Vertical distribution

中文摘要:

      2007年6~9月，利用悬挂不同网目的试网方法，对夏季青岛流清河湾栉孔扇贝筏式养殖区附着生物的种类、数量及其垂直分布特征进行了研究。结果显示，流清河湾附着生物群落的优势种在6月份为麦秆虫和钩虾，7月份以后贻贝成为优势种。附着生物湿重随挂网时间延长而增加，8月份增长最快，特定增长率最高可达8.77 %/d，主要是由于优势种贻贝的快速生长。玻璃海鞘等海鞘类在流清河湾较少出现。附着生物的数量受网目和水深的影响，总体上随水深的增加而下降，较小网目上附着生物量较大。贻贝为群落优势种是流清河湾夏季附着生物数量较高的主要原因。

英文摘要:

      The effects of net mesh size and water depth on the seasonal succession and vertical distribution of fouling organisms were investigated, from June to September, 2007, in a scallop Chlamys farrier raft culture area in Liuqing River estuary, Qingdao, China. Four nets with mesh size of 50.42, 44.40, 22.36, and 12.92 mm were suspended on the raft at five depth (1.3, 2.9, 4.5, 6.1, and 7.7 m), and experimental nets were sampled monthly. The dominant fouling species were Gammaridae and skeleton shrimp in June, and blue mussel Mytilus gallolprovincialis from July to September. The ascidians which were usually the dominant species of fouling communities were rare in the sampling area. The biomass of fouling organisms generally decreased with the increasing water depth. The specific growth rate (SGR) of the fouling biomass was the highest in August, which amounted to 8.77 %/d. The SGR was lowered in September, mainly due to the decreased growth rate of blue mussel. The higher fouling biomass in Liuqing River estuary during summer was mainly due to the blue mussel, the dominant species in the fouling community.