牙鲆回交、全同胞近交及其亲本家系的微卫星研究

Genetic structure analysis for the backcross, inbreeding and parents family of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus by microsatellite markers

中文关键词: 牙鲆  家系  回交  近交  微卫星

英文关键词: Paralichthys olivaceus  Family  Backcross  Inbreeding  Microsatellite

中文摘要:

      应用10对微卫星引物对2007年建立的抗病家系之一(将其定义为亲本家系)及其回交家系和全同胞近交家系进行分析，结果发现10个位点的等位基因数为1.7～3.0，平均等位基因数为2.3，有效等位基因数为1.553 2～2.887 8，平均有效等位基因数为2.054 1，杂合度观测值为0.307 0～0.664 8，平均杂合度观测值为0.487 0，无偏期望杂合度值为0.200 0～0.606 8，平均无偏期望杂合度值为0.606 8，多态信息含量为0.233 4～0.579 4，平均多态信息含量为0.399 5，3个家系均为中度多态，多态信息含量从大到小依次为：亲本家系、回交家系、全同胞近交家系，其中Poli194TUF位点在全同胞近交家系中发生纯合。家系间的遗传分化系数为0.067 1，表明遗传变异有6.71%来自于家系间，家系间分化较低。根据家系间的遗传距离，利用UPGMA法进行聚类，亲本家系和全同胞近交家系聚为一类。全同胞近交家系纯化基因速率较快，适合牙鲆品系的快速建立。

英文摘要:

      We examined the population genetic structure of three families including parents, backcross, and inbreeding families of Japanese flounder using 10 microsatellite markers. The results showed that among the 10 loci, the allele number (NA) was 1.7~3.0, the average allele number was 2.3, the effective allele number (Ne) was 1.553 2~2.887 8, the average effective allele number was 2.0541, the observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.307 0~0.664 8, the average observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.487 0, the expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.200 0~0.606 8, the average expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.606 8, the average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.233 4~0.579 4, and the average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.399 5. The polymorphism information content of the three families were at the medium level. The value of PIC from the largest to the smallest was: parents family, backcross family, and inbreeding family. The Poli194TUF was single in the inbreeding family. The genetic deviation index was 0.067 1, which indicated that 6.71% deviation was from families and the genetic deviation was not high inter-families. The genetic distance obtained from the clustering analysis of the three families by UPGMA indicated that the parents family and the inbreeding family was closer. The allele purification was faster in inbreeding family, and thus it was suitable for strains establishment.