蛤毒素的研究进展

A review on the study of pectenotoxins

中文关键词: 蛤毒素  甲藻  双壳贝类  分布  安全限量

英文关键词: Pectenotoxin  Dinoflagellates  Bivalve  Distribution  Maximum residue limit

中文摘要:

      蛤毒素是由有毒甲藻产生的脂溶性毒素，已经确认的同系物有14种。在不同国家的不同贝类中蛤毒素组成特征和含量均存在差异。蛤毒素的小鼠腹腔注射毒性大于经口毒性。目前，国际上蛤毒素的食用安全限量标准尚不统一。蛤毒素的总量可用生物法测定，每种蛤毒素组分的含量可用液相色谱 质谱法测试。蛤毒素的酶联免疫测定方法正在研究阶段。我国关于蛤毒素的研究较少，建议加强对毒素的生物学特征及代谢规律研究。

英文摘要:

      Pectenotoxins are a group of lipophilic toxins produced by dinoflagellates. There are 14 pectenotoxin analogues which have been confirmed. The profiles and the concentration of pectenotoxins are different in toxic algal and shellfish from different countries. The lethality of pectenotoxins by intra peritoneal injection is higher than by oral administration of mouse. At present, there are no internationally accepted criteria of maximum residue limits of pectenotoxins for shellfish. The total amount of pectenotoxins can be tested by mouse bioassay. The concentration levels of individual pectenotoxin can be analyzed by HPLC MS methods. The enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay(ELISA) method for determination of pectenotoxin is under development. In China, few studies on pectenotoxins have been carried out. The studies on profiles and metabolism of pectenotoxins in shellfish are recommended.