摄食促进物质对许氏平鲉摄食和生长的影响 不同地理群体星突江鲽养殖子一代群体遗传多样性分析

Effects of feeding stimulants on feed intake and growth of Sebastes schlegeli

中文关键词: 许氏鲆鲉  摄食促进物质  豆粕  摄食  生长

英文关键词: Sebastes schlegeli  Feeding stimulants  Soybean meal  Feed intake  Growth

中文摘要:

      以初始体重为49.83±0.17g的许氏鲆鲉Sebastes schlegeli 为实验对象,进行为期30 d的摄食生长实验。共配制 6 种等氮等能饲料,其中5种饲料以鱼粉和豆粕为蛋白源 (豆粕蛋白替代30 %的鱼粉蛋白) 配制出基础饲料 ,分别在基础饲料中不添加摄食促进物质和添加 0.3 %的商品诱食剂、二甲基-β- 丙酸噻亭（DMPT）、甜菜碱和柠檬酸配制成 5 种豆粕替代饲料，其余1种为鱼粉不替代饲料作为对照组 ,研究摄食促进物质对许氏鲆鲉摄食和生长的影响。结果表明,当豆粕取代饲料中添加甜菜碱和柠檬酸时,许氏鲆鲉的特定生长率、饲料效率、蛋白质效率以及肝脏、肠胰蛋白酶活力都显著高于不添加摄食促进物质组（P<0.05）;当不添加摄食促进物质时，摄食率显著低于鱼粉不替代组（P<0.05）；而添加DMPT、甜菜碱和柠檬酸时，摄食率与鱼粉不替代组比较没有显著差异（P>0.05）；肝体指数都明显地低于鱼粉不替代组。结果表明，豆粕替代30%的鱼粉蛋白时 ,添加0.3%的甜菜碱或柠檬酸能够显著提高许氏鲆鲉幼鱼对饲料的摄食率和生长率。

英文摘要:

      A 30-day feeding trial was conducted to determine the effects of feeding stimulants in the diets containing soybean meal on feed intake and growth of Sebastes schlegeli. Six isonitrogenous( 50.4% crude protein) and isocaloric(20.6 kJ/g) diets were formulated. The control diet(FM) contained 70% fish meal as the sole protein source. In the other five diets(SBM), 30% fish meal protein was replaced by soybean meal protein ,which upplemented without feeding stimulants or with 0.3% commercial feeding attractant , dimethyl-β-propiothetin (DMPT), betaine, citric acid respectively. The experiment was conducted in triplicates in 100-l indoor flow-through conical tanks at 20±1℃ and 32‰ salinity. The fish with initial body weight(49.83±0.17g) were fed to apparent satiation twice daily(08∶00,16∶00).At the end of the feeding trial, the survival rate were not significantly different among dietary treatments (P>0.05).The fish fed SBM without supplemental feeding stimulants exhibited significantly lower feed intake (FI, P<0.05) than the fish fed FM . However，the FI of fish fed SBM diets with DMPT, betaine and citric acid were not significantly different from that in control(P>0.05). The specific growth rate(SGR), feed efficiency ratio(FER) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) of fish fed SBM with betaine and citric acid were significantly higher than that in group of SBM diets without feeding stimulants(P<0.05). The fish fed SBM diets showed significantly lower hepatosomatic index than the fish fed FM diets. The whole body moisture, protein, lipid and energy were not significantly affected by the feeding stimulants (P>0.05).The ash in fed SBM diets with commercial attractant and betaine were significantly lower than that in other groups (P<0.05).The fish fed SBM diets with betaine and citric acid showed significantly higher activities of trypsin in liver and intestine than the fish fed SBM diets without supplemental feeding stimulants (P<0.05).The results indicate that 0.3% betaine or citric acid added to the SBM diet( SBM protein replace 30% FM protein) can improve feed intake and growth response of Sebastes schlegeli.