脱脂磷虾粉对圆斑星鲽(Verasper variegatus)幼鱼生长、非特异性免疫力和血清生理代谢指标的影响

Effects of Dietary Skimmed Krill Meal on the Growth, Non-Specific Immunity and Serum Physiological Metabolism Indicesof Juvenile Spotted Halibut (Verasper variegatus)

关键词:  圆斑星鲽  脱脂磷虾粉  生长  非特异性免疫力  生理代谢

Key words:  Spotted flounder Verasper variegatus  Skimmed krill meal  Growth  Non-specific immunity  Physiological metabolism

摘要:

为研究脱脂磷虾粉替代鱼粉对圆斑星鲽(Verasper variegatus)幼鱼生长性能、非特异性免疫力和血清生理代谢指标的影响，实验以鱼粉和脱脂磷虾粉为蛋白源，鱼油为脂肪源，分别以脱脂磷虾粉蛋白替代基础饲料中0、10%、20%、30%、40%、50%和100%的鱼粉蛋白制成7种等氮、等脂的饲料(分别记为R0、R10、R20、R30、R40、R50、R100)，投喂初始体重为(60.11±0.13) g、体长为(14.12±0.25) cm的圆斑星鲽幼鱼8周，每组设3个重复，每个重复20尾鱼。结果显示，R10–R50组的特定生长率(SGR)、存活率(SR)和饲料效率(FER)与R0组(对照组)没有显著性差异(P>0.05)，但从R30组开始有下降的趋势。R10–R50组的蛋白质效率(PER)和R0组无显著性差异(P>0.05)，但R100组的PER显著低于R0组(P<0.05)。R10–R20组血清中的酸性磷酸酶(ACP)显著高于R0组(P<0.05)，R30组血清中酸性磷酸酶(ACP)和R0组没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。R30–R100组血清中的碱性磷酸酶(AKP)显著高于R0组(P<0.05)。R10组血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和R0组差异不显著(P>0.05)。R10组肝脏中ACP显著高于R0组(P<0.05)，R40–R50组和R0组没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。R30–R40组肝脏中AKP和R0组差异不显著(P>0.05)。R10–R40组肝脏中SOD和R0组没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。R10–R50组血清的总蛋白(TP)显著高于R0组(P<0.05)。各处理组和R0组血清中的谷草转氨酶(GOT)和谷丙转氨酶(GPT)没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。综合来看，10%–30%的脱脂磷虾粉替代组和对照组R0组对圆斑星鲽幼鱼的生长、饲料利用、免疫力及蛋白利用有相同的效果。

Abstract:

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary skimmed krill meal (SKM) on the growth performance, serum biochemical parameters and non-specific immunity of juvenile spotted halibut (Verasper variegatus). The basal diet was formulated with fishmeal and SKM as the protein resource, and fish oil as the lipid resource. The control diet (R0) did not contain SKM, and 6 other diets were supplemented with SKM at 6.33% (R10, 10% replacement of the fishmeal protein. The same were as follows, 12.66%(R20), 18.99%(R30), 25.32%(R40), 31.66%(R50) and 63.31%(R100). These diets were then fed to seven groups of juvenile spotted halibut with initial weight of (60.11±0.13) g. Results showed that the specific growth rate, survival rate and feed efficiency of R10–R50 groups were not significantly different from those of R0 (P>0.05), but it displayed a decreasing trend from R30. The hepatosomatic index and viscerosomatic index of R10–R30 groups were not significantly different from those of R0 (P>0.05). The serum acid phosphatase in R10 and R20 was significantly higher than that in R0 (P<0.05). The serum acid phosphatase of R30 was not different from that of R0 (P>0.05). The serum alkaline phosphatase in R30–R100 groups was significantly higher than that in R0 (P<0.05). The serum SOD of R10 was not different from that of R0 (P>0.05). The liver acid phosphatase in R10 was significantly higher than that in R0 (P<0.05). The liver alkaline phosphatase of R30 and R40 was not significantly different from that of R0 (P>0.05). The liver SOD of R10–R40 groups was not significantly different from that of R0 (P>0.05). The serum total protein of R10–R50 groups was significantly higher than that of R0 (P<0.05). There was no difference in the viscerosomatic index and glutamate dehydrogenase among groups (P>0.05). The results above showed that 10%–30% of SKM replacement might have the same effects on the growth performance, feed efficiency ratio and non-specific immunity of juvenile spotted halibut.