长牡蛎高糖原含量新品系正反交家系的生理代谢

Analysis on Physiological Metabolism in Reciprocal Cross Families of High Glycogen Content Line of Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas)

关键词:  长牡蛎  高糖原含量新品系  正反交  生理代谢

Key words:  Crassostrea gigas  High glycogen content line  Reciprocal cross  Physiological metabolism

摘要:

为了探究糖原含量差异显著的长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)自交家系和正反交家系在生理代谢水平上的差异，本研究开展了在一定温度(20℃)和盐度(32)下自交组和正反交组的滤水率、耗氧率和排氨率实验。结果显示，滤水率方面，自交组AA最大，BB最小，二者差异显著(P<0.05)；正交组AB和反交组BA二者差异不显著且大小介于2个自交组之间，正反交组的杂种优势值为8.44%。耗氧率方面，自交组BB最大，正交组AB最小；自交组AA与BB差异显著(P<0.05)，正反交组杂种优势值为−43.87%；耗氧率与糖原含量呈负相关，相关系数为−0.884，达到极显著性水平(P<0.01)。排氨率方面，各组之间的排氨率无显著差异，大小为0.04 mg NH3-N/(g·h)。研究表明，糖原含量品系正反交家系的差异在生理代谢上主要表现为滤水率和耗氧率的差异。

Abstract:

Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) is an euryhaline and eurythermal shellfish with the advantages of rapid growth and hardiness. Its breeding scale and production is the largest in the aquaculture, which has contributed to the economic growth and the improvement of the people's living standard in China. The annual output of aquaculture in China is 4.57 million tons in 2015, and the market demand for high quality oysters is ascending. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve nutritional quality and create new strain of oyster. In order to discover different physiological metabolisms between selfing lines and reciprocal crosses of C. gigas with various glycogen content, the filtration rate, oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate were studied under certain temperature (20℃) and salinity (32). In terms of the filtering rate, the highest one and the lowest one were selfing group AA and selfing group BB, respectively, which were significantly different (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between reciprocal group AB and reciprocal group BA. The heterosis value of the reciprocal cross was 8.44%. In the oxygen consumption rate, the highest one and lowest one were selfing group BB and reciprocal group AB, respectively. There was significant difference between AA and BB (P<0.05). The heterosis value of the reciprocal cross was –43.87%. The oxygen consumption rate was negatively correlated with the glycogen content with the correlation coefficient –0.884 that was significantly different (P<0.01). There was no significant difference for the ammonia excretion rate with 0.04 mg NH3-N/(g·h) among all groups. In summary, the major differences among groups were water filtration rate and oxygen consumption rate. This study could provide important physiological metabolic germplasm reference for the breeding of high glycogen content line of C. gigas.