大马哈鱼(Oncorhynchus keta)鱼皮的营养成分分析

The Analysis of Nutrient Components of Oncorhynchus keta Skin

关键词:  大马哈鱼皮  营养成分  氨基酸  胶原蛋白

Key words:  Oncorhynchus keta skin  Nutrient components  Amino acids  Collagen

摘要:

本研究分析了大马哈鱼(Oncorhynchus keta)鱼皮的营养成分，评价了其营养品质。结果显示，大马哈鱼皮中粗蛋白含量最丰富(31.10%)，粗脂肪、灰分和总糖含量分别为7.40%、1.20%和0.23%；氨基酸总量为682.1 mg/g，其中呈味氨基酸占氨基酸总量的53.7%，必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的22.4%，甘氨酸含量最高(185.0 mg/g)，其次是谷氨酸(75.8 mg/g)；胶原蛋白含量为214.2 mg/g，占粗蛋白含量的68.9%，特征氨基酸——羟脯氨酸含量为19.3 mg/g；不饱和脂肪酸含量为10.8%，VB3含量丰富(75 mg/kg)，还富含钙、钠、铁、锌等多种无机元素。大马哈鱼皮营养较全面、胶原蛋白含量较高，是提取胶原蛋白的良好原料。

Abstract:

The current study measured the contents of main nutrient components in the skin of O. keta by focusing on proteins, common amino acids, hydroxyproline, fat, vitamins, and mineral ions. The results showed that the contents were composed of 31.10% crude protein, 7.40% crude fat, 1.20% ash, 0.23% of total carbohydrate, and various delicious amino acids. There was 682.1 mg/g total amino acids in dry sample having the highest Gly content (185.0 mg/g), followed by Glu (75.8 mg/g) and then hyp (19.3 mg/g). The ratio of EAA/TAA is 22.4% and the ratio of DAA/TAA is 53.7%. The skin has rich collagen content of 214.2 mg/g based on wet weight, accounting for 68.9% of the crude protein. The content of UFA was 10.8%, and the results also indicated that the skin of O. keta was also rich in vitamin B3 (75 mg/kg) and mineral ions such as Ca, Na, Fe, Zn, etc. In summary, the skin of O. keta has high nutritional value, which is a good source for extracting collagen that is widely used in medical, food and chemical industry.