莱州人工鱼礁海域水质状况的变化特征

Variation of seawater quality at the artificial reef area in Laizhou Bay

关键词:  人工鱼礁  水质  变化  莱州

Key words:  Artificial reef  Seawater  Variation  Laizhou Bay

摘要:

根据2010～2011年莱州人工鱼礁海域春、夏、秋、冬4个季节共8个航次的化学需氧量（COD）、无机氮（DIN）、活性磷酸盐（DIP）、总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）、有机碳（TOC）等要素的分析结果，运用N/P比值、有机污染指数A和富营养化指数E等方法，对投放人工鱼礁海域不同年份水体的质量状况进行了评价，分析了该海域水环境在人工鱼礁投放后的变化。结果表明，投礁区第2年DIN含量明显降低，而DIP含量略有上升，使得海区中的DIN/DIP值降低，由89.60降低到44.54。2011年和2010年投礁区DIN/DIP有显著性差异（P<0.05），表明人工鱼礁对水体有改善作用；营养化指数E分析表明，调查海域水质未达到富营养化状态，处于较低营养水平，且2010年与2011年、礁区和对照区E值平均值均相差不大，营养状况无明显差异；调查海域有机污染指数A小于0或小于1，且投礁区和对照区无明显差异，2010年与2011年也无明显差异，表明该海域未受到有机污染，水质状况良好或较好。

Abstract:

Samples were collected in four seasons at the artificial reef area of Laizhou Bay in 2010~2011. Chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved active phosphate (DIP), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and total organic carbon (TOC) were measured. Index including the ratio of N/P, organic pollution index A and nutrition index E were used to evaluate the quality of water in different years. The results showed that the content of DIN was significantly reduced in the second year, the content of DIP increased slightly, thus the N/P value decreased from 89.60 to 44.54 due to the changes of DIN and DIP, the result of T-test showed that there was a significant difference of DIN/DIP value in artificial reef area between 2011 and 2010 (P<0.05);However, there was no significant difference in control area(P>0.05). From these results, we can conclude that the artificial reefs can improve the quality of seawater. The result of nutrition index E indicated that the nutrition level of the sea water was relatively low, and there was no significant difference in artificial reef area and control area in 2010 and 2011; The investigation results showed that the organic pollution index A was less than 0 or 1, and there was no significant difference in artificial reef area and control area in 2010 and 2011. All these results indicated that the surveyed area were not polluted by organic material, and the quality of water was in good condition.