东海陆架区的颗石藻

Coccolithophores in the shelf waters of East China Sea

关键词:  颗石藻  赫氏艾密里藻  物种组成  东海

Key words:  Coccolithophore  Emiliania huxleyi  Species composition  East China Sea

摘要:

利用扫描电子显微镜，研究了2007年5月东海陆架区航次调查的颗石藻物种组成，给出了调查海区的颗石藻物种名录，并拍摄了出现的颗石藻物种的显微图像。本次调查共记录颗石藻物种23种，隶属于9个科、4个目，其中绝大多数为异晶颗石藻Heterococcolithophore，少数为同晶颗石藻Holococcolithophore。从出现频率来看，皮球石科Syracosphaeraceae的物种居多，特别是条结藻属Syracosphaera的物种，共出现了7种，占到总物种数的30%之多。赫氏艾密里藻Emiliania huxleyi (Lohmann) Hay & Mohler和大洋桥石藻Gephyrocapsa oceanica Kamptner在本次调查的所有采样站点中都有出现，并且记录了赫氏艾密里藻的3种变型（Type A、Type B/C和Type C）。4种新纪录是皮球石科的两种异晶颗石藻：历史条结藻Syracosphaera histrica Kamptner和边孔条结藻Syracosphaera marginaporata Knappertsbusch；具覆球藻科Calyptrosphaeraceae的两种同晶颗石藻：乳突具覆石藻Calyptrolithophora papillifera (Halldal) Heimdal和粗毛盔球藻Corisphaera strigilis Gaarder，并对它们的形态特征进行了描述。东海陆架区外海受黑潮（Kuroshio）影响的区域，其独特的栖息地环境，有利于颗石藻的快速生长与繁殖，因而出现了较多的颗石藻物种。

Abstract:

The species composition of coccolithophores was investigated based on the survey in shelf waters of the East China Sea during May 2007. By utilizing the scanning electronic microscope, we reported the species list of coccolithophores in this region and photographically demonstrated these species collected in the sampling sites. The results showed that a total of twenty-three species were recorded and affiliated to nine Families, four Orders. Most of these species were heterococcolithophores, and others were holococcolithophores. According to the frequency of occurrences, species of Order Syracosphaeraceae were the most abundant forms, especially the Genus Syracosphaera, with seven species in this group, accounting for more than thirty percent of the total species covered by this study. Emiliania huxleyi (Lohmann) Hay & Mohler and Gephyrocapsa oceanica Kamptner were found in all of the samples and three types of E. huxleyi were examined, including type A, type B/C and type C. Four species of coccolithophores were first recorded from the coastal waters of China Seas. They were: two heterococcolithophores of Family Syracosphaeraceae, Syracosphaera histrica Kamptner and Syracosphaera marginaporata Knappertsbusch; two holococcolithophores of Family Calyptrosphaeraceae, Calyptrolithophora papillifera (Halldal) Heimdal and Corisphaera strigilis Gaarder. Their morphological characteristics were also described in this paper. The physico-chemical environments in the offshore seawaters of East China Sea were strongly influenced by the current of Kuroshio, providing ideal habitats for the rapid growth and reproduction of coccolithophores, and sustaining relative more species of coccolithophores in these regions.