大菱鲆引进亲鱼与国内累代繁养亲鱼群体的形态特征比较

Analysis on morphological variations among introduced and Chinese farmed turbot Scophthalmus maximus parent fish populations

关键词:  菱鲆  亲鱼  群体  形态学

Key words:  Scophthalmus maximus  Parents  Population  Morphology

摘要:

使用方差分析、主成分分析和聚类分析方法，分析和比较了法国、西班牙、丹麦3个引进亲鱼群体和国内莱州、海阳、日照3个累代繁养大菱鲆亲鱼群体的形态特征。单因子方差分析表明，法国与日照群体形态具有较大差异，日照群体同海阳群体形态趋同，丹麦群体具高体型特征。主成分分析的第一、二、三主成分贡献率分别为47.07%、28.10%、15.45%，三者累积贡献率为90.62%；6个群体整体上形态差异显著，但不存在无交集的隔离。聚类分析表明，莱州群体与海阳群体形态最为接近，二者与法国群体聚为一类；日照耐高温群体与西班牙群体聚为一类。这两类聚为一大类。丹麦群体与另外5个群体形态差异最大。引进群体的形态学多样性总体高于国内累代繁养群体。

Abstract:

Statistical morphological characteristics among three European populations (French, Spainish and Danish) and three Chinese farmed populations (Laizhou, Haiyang and Rizhao) of broodstock turbot, Scophthalmus maximus were revealed and compared on the basis of eight morphological indices using one-way ANOVA, principal components and clustering dendrogram analysis. The morphological difference among six populations was remarkable, but there was no isolation without overlap. The results of one-way ANOVA showed that there was notable difference between French and Rizhao population, Rizhao and Haiyang population were similar in morphology, and Danish population had the high bodily form. In principal components analysis, three principal components were constructed, and the contribution from the first, second and third principal component were 47.07%, 28.10% and 15.45%, respectively. The cumulative contribution rate was 90.62%. The results of clustering dendrogram indicated that the morphological variations of Laizhou and Haiyang populations were little, and they were similar to the French population. Rizhao and Spanish population were similar. The morphological variations between Danish population and other five populations were large. The morphological diversity of three European turbot populations was higher than the three farmed Chinese farmed populations.