中草药及其配伍对嗜水气单胞菌的抑菌作用

Antimicrobial tests of Chinese herbal medicines and their mixtures on Aeromonas hydrophila

关键词:  水产养殖  中草药  嗜水气单胞菌  最小抑菌浓度  最小杀菌浓度  正交试验

Key words:  Aquaculture  Chinese herbal medicine (CHM)  Aeromonas hydrophila  Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)  Minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC)  Orthogonal test design

摘要:

采用二倍稀释法测定了86种中草药对嗜水气单胞菌Aeromonas hydrophila的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）和最小杀菌浓度（MBC），并采用正交试验法研究了对嗜水气单胞菌具有较强抑制作用的中草药配伍。结果表明，五倍子、五味子和乌梅对嗜水气单胞菌的抑制作用最强，最小抑菌浓度和最小杀菌浓度均为12.5 mg/ml，可作为防治水产养殖动物嗜水气单胞菌病害的首选中草药。正交试验结果表明，儿茶、五倍子、五味子和乌梅4种药分别以4∶2∶4∶1和1∶2∶2∶4的比例配伍时对嗜水气单胞菌具有最佳抑菌和杀菌作用。

Abstract:

The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 86 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) on Aeromonas hydrophila were examined in vitro by the microdilution method. Then the optimum mixtures of CHMs which can inhibit the A. hydrophila were found through orthogonal test design. The result showed that Galla chinensis, Fructus schisandrae and Fructus mume had the strongest inhibitory effect on A. hydrophila,with the MIC and MBC as 12.5 mg/ml. In conclusion, G. chinensis, F. schisandrae and F. mume were the better drugs that can cure the disease caused by the A. hydrophila in aquatic animals. The results of orthogonal tests showed that the mixture of Acacia catechu, G. chinensis, F. schisandrae and F. mume with the proportion of 4∶2∶4∶1 and 1∶2∶2∶4 had the best MIC and MBC on A. hydrophila.