桑沟湾大叶藻附着生物的季节变化

Seasonal variation of fouling organisms on eelgrass Zostera marina L. in Sanggou Bay

关键词:  大叶藻 海草 附着生物 季节变化 桑沟湾

Key words:  Zostera marina L. Seagrass Epiphyte Seasonal variation Sanggou Bay

摘要:

2008年9月~2009年8月，对桑沟湾楮岛海域大叶藻叶片上的附着生物进行了周年调查，以期为我国浅海生态系中大叶藻等海草生态功能的研究提供基础资料。调查共记录大叶藻附着生物29种。附着的主要种类有盾卵形藻Cocconeis scutellum及其小型变种C. scutellum var. pava，褐毛藻Halothrix lumbricalis、点叶藻Punctaria latifolia、锈凹螺Chlorostoma rustica、Australaba sp. 、脆螺Stenotis sp.。在春季，大叶藻上的附着硅藻类有9种，大型海藻类7种，动物类8种。其中，褐藻类为主要附着生物，附着高峰出现在4月份。夏季，附着的大型海藻种类明显减少，仅出现4种，而动物类有6种，硅藻类8种。其中，腹足类为夏季附着优势种。硅藻附着高峰出现在秋季，此时的附着动物类减少至4种，大型藻类种数与夏季持平，但附着的生物量较小。冬季未发现附着的大型海藻及动物，仅有微藻类的硅藻附着。

Abstract:

In order to understand the ecological function of seagrass in coastal ecosystems in China，fouling organisms on the leaves of eelgrass Zostera marina L. in the area of Chu Island of Sanggou Bay was investigated from September 2008 to August 2009. Twenty nine species of organisms were found and the dominant species were Cocconeis scutellum, C. scutellum var. Pava, Halothrix lumbricalis, Punctaria latifolia, Chlorostoma rustica, Australaba sp. and Stenotis sp. In the spring, 9 diatom species, 7 macroalge species and 8 invertebrate species were found. Phaeophyta dominated the fouling species of eelgrass and the biomass reached the peak in April. Species of epiphytic macroalgae decreased in summer and the dominant fouling organisms were gastropoda. The number of diatom, macroalgae and invertebrate species were 8, 4 and 6, respectively. In autumn，diatom abundance reached the peak, while there were only four species of invertebrates. The number of epiphytic macroalgae species was the same as that of summer while the biomass of marcoalgae and invertebrates were less than that of the summer. No epiphytic macroalgae and invertebrate were found in winter, besides diatoms.