我国鲻、梭鱼类资源开发及其生态养殖前景的探讨

The prospects of resources exploitation and ecological culture of Mugilidae in China

关键词:  鲻鱼  梭鱼  资源开发  生态养殖  前景

Key words:  Mugil cephalus  Liza haematocheila  Resources exploitation  Ecological culture  Prospects

摘要:

鲻科鱼类（Mugilidae）是知名的世界性分布的经济鱼类，广泛栖息于淡水、河口和海水中。鲻鱼Mugil cephalus和梭鱼Liza haematocheila是亚洲地区鲻科鱼类中最主要的经济代表种。鲻、梭鱼属于植食性或腐屑食性，主要摄食环境中的有机碎屑。在养殖生产中，亦可起到净化养殖水域的作用，对维持养殖水域生态平衡和优化环境可起到重要作用。因此，从生态养殖角度考虑，广泛开展鲻、梭鱼类养殖，对调整我国当前渔业产业结构，降低养殖水域的自身污染，保障水产养殖业的持续、健康、稳定发展有着十分重要意义。

Abstract:

The Mugilidae family is an important fish group distributed throughout the world, inhabiting the fresh, estuarine and coastal waters. Mugil cephalus and Liza haematocheila are the two important economic species in Mugilidae family. Mugilidae are one of the most important foraging and detritivorous fishes. They feed by sucking silt or scraping rock and plant surfaces, acting as a scavenger and changes material cycle process in an aquaculture ecosystem. Mugilidae are an important fish for both fisheries and aquaculture purposes. The resources exploitation and ecological culture of Mugilidae not only improves the fishery structure, but also reduces the pollution of the cultured water, ensuring the sustained and healthy development of the aquaculture industry. The prospects of resources exploitation and ecological culture of Mugilidae in China are proposed in this paper.