中草药对刺参腐皮综合征病原菌的体外抑菌试验

In vitro bacteriostatic effect of Chinese herbs against causative pathogens of skin ulcer syndrome in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

关键词:  刺参  海水养殖  腐皮综合征  中草药  配方  抑菌浓度

Key words:  Apostichopus japonicus  Mariculture  Skin ulcer syndrome  Herb  Formula

摘要:

用改良二倍稀释法和抑菌圈法测定了24种单方中草药和9种复方中草药对刺参腐皮综合征4种重要病原菌灿烂弧菌、假交替单胞菌、哈维氏弧菌和恶臭假单胞菌的体外抑菌活性。结果显示，不同中草药对特定病原菌抑菌效果差异较大，单方中草药最低抑菌浓度（MIC）为1.56 mg/ml，中草药水煎剂H-5和H-9对假交替单胞菌的抑菌圈最大，达22 mm。单方中草药中穿心莲、大青叶、金银花和川芎4种中草药对4株病原菌抑菌效果最好，其水煎剂对4株病原菌平均抑菌浓度分别为6.25、7.81、5.86和3.52 mg/ml；平均抑菌圈直径分别是17.5、11.3、14.0和11.5 mm。将筛选的4种单方中草药组成9种复方，复方MIC和抑菌圈均显著好于单方，最低MIC降低到0.20 mg/ml。其中复方HC-G和HC-D抑菌浓度最低，效果最好，平均抑菌浓度分别降低为0.54和0.64 mg/ml；平均抑菌圈直径分别为15.3 mm和16.3 mm。试验结果显示，复方最佳配比为穿心莲、大青叶、金银花和川芎=2∶1∶3∶2。该复方可为生产高效专用中草药，

Abstract:

The bacteriostatic effect of 24 kinds of Chinese herbs and 9 kinds of herb compounds were determined in vitro by improved microdilution procedure and the bacteriostatic circle. This work conducted as the herbs were against four kind of causative pathogens (Vibrio splendidus, Pseudoalteromonas nigrifaciens, Vibrio harveyi, Pseudomonas putida) of skin ulcer syndrome in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. The results illustrated that different herbs showed different susceptivities to given pathogens. The lowest minimal inhibitory concentration（MIC）was 1.56 mg/ml. Decoctum of H-5 and H-9 had maximal bacteriostatic circles against P. nigrifaciens with 22 mm. Four kinds of Chinese herbs (H-5, H-6, H-9 and H-14 ) had better bacteriostatic effect on the four pathogens, in which the average MIC of the decoctum were 6.25 mg/ml, 7.81 mg/ml, 5.86 mg/ml and 3.52 mg/ml respectively, and the average bacteriostatic circles were 17.5 mm, 11.3 mm, 14.0 mm and 11.5 mm. Nine herbal compounds were composed by 4 herbs, the bacteriostatic effect of 9 compounds enhanced remarkably than single herbs, and the lowest MIC reduced to 0.20 mg/ml. The best compounds were HC-G and HC-D, and the average MIC and bacteriostatic circle were 0.54 mg/ml, 0.64 mg/ml, 15.3 mm and 16.3 mm respectively. According to their bacteriostatic effects, the best ratio of the compounds was determined as H-5∶H-6∶H-9∶H-14=2∶1∶3∶2.