Abstract:This study aimed to compare the edible yield and flavor characteristics of Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) from four regions in Jiangsu Province, China, to provide a theoretical basis and guidance for understanding consumer preference. For this, representative authentic Chinese mitten crabs from Yangcheng Lake, Gucheng Lake, Tai Lake, and Xinghua were used. The edible yield, flavor profiles, free amino acids, flavor nucleotides, and free fatty acids were measured, and the degree of flavor was evaluated using the taste activity value and equivalent umami concentration (EUC). The results showed that Tai Lake crabs had the highest edible yield [(33.08±0.31)% in male crabs, (37.65±1.09)% in females]. Yangcheng Lake and Gucheng Lake crabs had similar flavor profiles, as did Tai Lake and Xinghua crabs; however, Yangcheng Lake and Gucheng Lake crabs were sweeter, whereas Tai Lake and Xinghua crabs had a better umami flavor, although their bitterness and astringency were also high. Yangcheng Lake crabs had the highest sweet amino acid content in whole edible parts, male crab meat, female crab meat, and crab yolk: (676.65±1.30) mg/100 g, (899.00±2.88) mg/100 g, (950.34±4.78) mg/100 g, and (309.86± 0.73) mg/100 g, respectively. Whole edible parts and male crab meat from Tai Lake crabs had the highest umami amino acid content [(98.06±4.07) mg/100 g and (123.76±6.72) mg/100 g, respectively] and the highest EUC values [(11.62±0.66) g MSG/100 g and (15.29±2.58) g MSG/100 g, respectively]. Finally, total free fatty acids in Yangcheng Lake, Gucheng Lake, and Tai Lake crabs were higher than those in Xinghua crabs. In conclusion, the results indicate differences in the edible yield and flavor of Chinese mitten crabs from different locations. Overall, Yangcheng Lake crabs had the most prominent sweet flavor. Tai Lake crabs had the highest edible yield and their flavor profiles included a marked degree of umami; however, they also had a bitter flavor. Umami flavor was present in female crab meat and crab yolk from Yangcheng Lake and Gucheng Lake, in addition to male crab meat and crab paste of Tai Lake and Xinghua.
