Analysis and Evaluation of Nutritive Composition in Muscles of Acipenser baerii, Acipenser schrenckii, and Their Hybrids

Abstract:

To evaluate the quality characteristics of Acipenser baerii, Acipenser schrenckii, and their hybrids, their muscle, amino acid, and fatty acid compositions were compared. The results showed that the contents of crude ash, crude protein, and crude fat in hybrid muscle were higher than in A. baerii and A. schrenckii muscle, but not significantly (P>0.05). Sixteen amino acids, including seven essential amino acids, were detected in the muscle of A. baerii, A. schrenckii, and their hybrids. The total amount of amino acids, essential amino acids, flavor amino acids, and nonessential amino acids in hybrid muscle were higher than in that of the parents. There was no significant difference between the muscle values (WEAA/WTAA, WEAA/WNEAA, and WDAA/WTAA) for the hybrid sturgeon and those of its parents (P>0.05). According to the amino acid and chemistry score, the first limiting amino acid in all muscle samples was methionine plus cysteine, while the second limiting amino acid was valine. In addition, 18, 18, and 22 fatty acids were detected in the muscle of A. baerii, A. schrenckii, and their hybrids, respectively. The contents of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids in hybrid muscle were significantly higher than in that of the parents (P<0.05). Palmitic acid (C16:0) was the most abundant saturated fatty acid, oleic acid (C18:1n9c) was the most abundant monounsaturated fatty acid, and linoleic acid (C18:2n6c) was the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid in all muscle samples. Additionally, the crude protein, crude fat, amino acid, and fatty acid contents in the muscle of the hybrid were higher than in that of the parents. The hybrid also has higher edible and nutritional value than the parent species, and so has more obvious production advantages.