Abstract:The ovate pompano Trachinotus ovatus is a marine fish species with important economic value, whose culture was developed rapidly in recent years in China, and the annual cultured output has reached about 120,000 tons, which has become one of the most potential cultured marine fish in southern China. Up to now, there have been a lot of reports on its nutritional requirements and feed, however studies on some nutrients are still absent. This paper summarized the requirements of pompano on protein, amino acids, lipid, fatty acids, carbohydrates and micronutrient, dietary replacement of fish meal with other protein resources and fish oil with other lipid resources, as well as the application of functional feed additives. Available data showed that the optimum dietary requirements of juvenile golden pompano for protein, lipid and carbohydrate are 41%~49%, 6.5%~12% and 11.2%~16.8%, respectively. The optimal requirements for lysine, arginine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, linolenic acid and arachidonic acid have also been determined. Preliminary studies on the replacement of dietary fish meal (FM) and fish oil (FO) with other protein or lipid resources have been conducted, and the results showed that the suitable substitution levels of FM by soybean meal (SBM) or fermented soybean meal (FSBM) are 20%~50%. When certain amount of FM was added in diet, it is feasible to replace FO with other animal or vegetable oils. The optimum dietary addition levels for soy isoflavone, chitosan and fermented product of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa are respectively 40 mg/kg, 4.0 g/kg and 500 mg/kg. However, studies on the requirements of vitamins and minerals are not reported. Besides, fewer studies were conducted on the nutritional requirements of fish during different growth stages or in different cultured patterns. We hope that this review can provide reference for the study of accurate nutrition and development of high-efficient, low cost and environment-friendly formula feed, and thus promote the healthy and sustainable development of T. ovatus aquaculture industry.
